Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Feb;94(2):271-86. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.09.011. Epub 2012 Sep 25.
To perform a methodical review of the evidence available for the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in individuals with diagnosed medical conditions known to affect cognitive function, and to establish evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice, as appropriate.
Ovid Medline and PubMed literature searches were conducted using the terms cognition, cognitive, crossed with the terms rehabilitation, remediation, retraining, training, crossed with 11 medical diagnostic categories. Articles through December 2008 were accessed, with a resulting 2284 abstracts.
A total of 211 articles were selected from initial abstract review. These articles were then assessed by committee members, with agreement of at least 2 members, using 9 exclusion and 3 inclusion criteria. A total of 34 remaining articles were submitted to full review.
Articles were reviewed under diagnostic categories using specific criteria recorded on structured data sheets. Classification was performed according to guidelines of the American Academy of Neurology, with agreement between 2 committee members necessary for final decisions.
Of the 34 studies fully evaluated, 1 was rated as class I, 6 as class II, 2 as class III, and 25 as class IV. Evidence within each diagnostic area was synthesized for the formulation of Practice Standards, Practice Guidelines, and Practice Options, as possible.
Two clinical practice recommendations were advanced, 1 each in the diagnostic areas of brain neoplasms and epilepsy/seizure disorders. Discussion included comments on the research status of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation for cognitive deficits related to these medical conditions, as well as suggestions for future directions in research.
对已确诊的影响认知功能的医学病症的认知康复疗效的现有证据进行系统评价，并为临床实践提供循证推荐意见。
使用术语“认知”、“认知”，与术语“康复”、“矫正”、“再训练”、“训练”交叉，对 Ovid Medline 和 PubMed 文献进行检索，同时检索了 11 种医学诊断类别。检索截至 2008 年 12 月，共获得 2284 篇摘要。
从最初的摘要审查中选择了 211 篇文章。然后由委员会成员使用 9 项排除标准和 3 项纳入标准进行评估，至少有 2 名成员达成一致意见。共有 34 篇剩余的文章进行了全面审查。
根据具体标准在诊断类别下对文章进行回顾，并记录在结构化数据表上。分类根据美国神经病学学会的指南进行，委员会成员之间需要达成一致才能做出最终决定。
在经过全面评估的 34 项研究中，1 项被评为 I 级，6 项被评为 II 级，2 项被评为 III 级，25 项被评为 IV 级。根据可能的情况，在每个诊断领域内对证据进行综合，制定实践标准、实践指南和实践选择。
在脑肿瘤和癫痫/发作障碍这两个诊断领域分别提出了 1 项临床实践建议。讨论包括了与这些医学病症相关的认知康复对认知缺陷的有效性的研究现状的评论，并对未来的研究方向提出了建议。
