School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Jul 13;109(2):020403. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.020403. Epub 2012 Jul 10.
We introduce a class of dissipative quantum spin models with local interactions and without quenched disorder that show glassy behavior. These models are the quantum analogs of the classical facilitated spin models. Just like their classical counterparts, quantum facilitated models display complex glassy dynamics despite the fact that their stationary state is essentially trivial. In these systems, dynamical arrest is a consequence of kinetic constraints and not of static ordering. These models display a quantum version of dynamic heterogeneity: the dynamics toward relaxation is spatially correlated despite the absence of static correlations. Associated dynamical fluctuation phenomena such as decoupling of time scales is also observed. Moreover, we find that close to the classical limit, quantum fluctuations can enhance glassiness, as recently reported for quantum liquids.
我们介绍了一类具有局域相互作用且无淬火无序的耗散量子自旋模型,它们表现出玻璃态行为。这些模型是经典促进型自旋模型的量子类比。就像它们的经典对应物一样,尽管其定态本质上是平凡的,但量子促进模型仍显示出复杂的玻璃态动力学。在这些系统中,动力学捕获是动力学约束的结果,而不是静态排序的结果。这些模型表现出动态异质性的量子版本:尽管不存在静态相关性,但弛豫的动力学在空间上是相关的。还观察到相关的动态波动现象,例如时间尺度的解耦。此外,我们发现,在接近经典极限的情况下,量子涨落可以增强玻璃化转变,就像最近报道的量子液体那样。