Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2012 Oct;55(5):S1518-22. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2012/11-0309).
To discuss apraxia of speech (AOS) as it occurs in neurodegenerative disease (progressive AOS [PAOS]) and how its careful study may contribute to general concepts of AOS and help refine its diagnostic criteria.
The article summarizes our current understanding of the clinical features and neuroanatomical and pathologic correlates of PAOS and its relationship to primary progressive aphasia (PPA). It addresses similarities and differences between PAOS and stroke-induced AOS that may be relevant to improving our understanding of AOS in general.
PAOS is clinical disorder that should be distinguished from PPA. Its recognition is important to clinical care provided by speech-language pathologists, but it also has implications for neurologic localization and diagnosis as well as prediction of underlying pathology and histochemistry. The clinical features of PAOS and stroke-induced AOS have not been explicitly compared, but they may not be identical because PAOS does not follow a vascular distribution, the brunt of cortical pathology is in the premotor and supplementary motor area, and its onset (rather than acute) is slowly progressive with potential for adaptation to gradual impairment. Careful description and study of PAOS may be a valuable source of information for refining our understanding of AOS in general.
讨论神经退行性疾病（进行性运动性失语症，PAOS）中出现的言语失用症（AOS），以及对其进行仔细研究如何有助于一般 AOS 概念的发展，并有助于完善其诊断标准。
本文总结了我们目前对 PAOS 的临床特征以及神经解剖学和病理学相关性的理解，以及其与原发性进行性失语症（PPA）的关系。它讨论了 PAOS 与中风引起的 AOS 之间的相似性和不同之处，这可能有助于我们更好地理解一般的 AOS。
PAOS 是一种临床障碍，应与 PPA 区分开来。它的识别对言语语言病理学家提供的临床护理很重要，但对神经定位和诊断以及对潜在病理和组织化学的预测也有影响。PAOS 和中风引起的 AOS 的临床特征尚未明确比较，但它们可能不完全相同，因为 PAOS 不遵循血管分布，皮质病变的主要部位在前运动和辅助运动区，其发病（而非急性）呈缓慢进行性，有逐渐适应逐渐受损的可能。对 PAOS 的仔细描述和研究可能是完善一般 AOS 理解的宝贵信息来源。
