Sherchand J B, Tandukar S, Sherchan J B, Rayamajhi A, Gurung B, Shrestha L, Rijal B, Pokhrel B M
Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2012 May;10(21):130-5.
Rotavirus is the most common cause of life threatening gastroenteritis in infants and young children in the world. The objective of the study is to find out current trends and incidents of rotavirus, including other enteropathogens related with children diarrhoea and lastly identify the most common rotavirus serotypes that circulate in Nepal.
A total of 1721 stool samples from less than 5 years of children were collected. Rotavirus in the stool samples were detected by Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) and strains were genotyped by Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Bacteria and parasites were detected by following standard microbiological procedures.
In between 2009 to 2010, of the total 1721, the prevalence of rotavirus was 24.7%. Of them, 906 (52.6%) were collected in the year 2009 and 815(47.5%) in the year 2010. Rotavirus was frequently detected in inpatients (31.6%) than outpatient (16.8%). Rotavirus detection was higher in female (26.4%) than male (23.7%). The prevalence was seen higher in age group 0-23 months in both years. Among six different bacterial isolates, Escherichia coli was most frequently isolated (6.5%). Similarly, Giardia lamblia (1.3%) was most common among six different parasites detected. A total of rotavirus positive 425 stool samples were detected over 2 years (2009-230, and 2010-195), G12P6 was the predominant strain circulating in both (45% in 2009 and 28% in 2010) years. G9P6 emerged in 2010 (6%). There were significant numbers of mixed infections (14.0% in 2009 and 29.8% in 2010). Thirty five samples were partially typed and 15 were completely untyped over the two year period.
The study helps comprehend the prevalence of rotavirus along with other intestinal pathogens including bacteria and parasites. Major genotypes of rotavirus are also introduced in the study.
轮状病毒是全球婴幼儿危及生命的胃肠炎的最常见病因。本研究的目的是了解轮状病毒的当前趋势和发病率，包括与儿童腹泻相关的其他肠道病原体，最后确定在尼泊尔流行的最常见轮状病毒血清型。
收集了1721份来自5岁以下儿童的粪便样本。通过酶免疫测定（EIA）检测粪便样本中的轮状病毒，并用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对毒株进行基因分型。按照标准微生物学程序检测细菌和寄生虫。
在2009年至2010年期间，1721份样本中轮状病毒的患病率为24.7%。其中，2009年收集了906份（52.6%），2010年收集了815份（47.5%）。住院患者中轮状病毒的检出率（31.6%）高于门诊患者（16.8%）。女性轮状病毒检出率（26.4%）高于男性（23.7%）。两年中0至23个月年龄组的患病率均较高。在六种不同的细菌分离物中，大肠杆菌分离最为频繁（6.5%）。同样，在检测到的六种不同寄生虫中，蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫最为常见（1.3%）。在两年（分别为2009年425份和2010年195份）中共检测到425份轮状病毒阳性粪便样本，G12P6是两年中流行的主要毒株（2009年为45%，2010年为28%）。G9P6于2010年出现（6%）。混合感染数量众多（2009年为14.0%，2010年为29.8%）。在两年期间，35份样本部分分型，15份完全未分型。
该研究有助于了解轮状病毒以及包括细菌和寄生虫在内的其他肠道病原体的患病率。该研究还介绍了轮状病毒的主要基因型。
