National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2013 Mar;32(2):115-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2012.00517.x. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
The use of alcohol and drugs amongst young people is a serious concern and the need for effective prevention is clear. This paper identifies and describes current school-based alcohol and other drug prevention programs facilitated by computers or the Internet.
The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched in March 2012. Additional materials were obtained from reference lists of papers. Studies were included if they described an Internet- or computer-based prevention program for alcohol or other drugs delivered in schools.
Twelve trials of 10 programs were identified. Seven trials evaluated Internet-based programs and five delivered an intervention via CD-ROM. The interventions targeted alcohol, cannabis and tobacco. Data to calculate effect size and odds ratios were unavailable for three programs. Of the seven programs with available data, six achieved reductions in alcohol, cannabis or tobacco use at post intervention and/or follow up. Two interventions were associated with decreased intentions to use tobacco, and two significantly increased alcohol and drug-related knowledge.
This is the first study to review the efficacy of school-based drug and alcohol prevention programs delivered online or via computers. Findings indicate that existing computer- and Internet-based prevention programs in schools have the potential to reduce alcohol and other drug use as well as intentions to use substances in the future. These findings, together with the implementation advantages and high fidelity associated with new technology, suggest that programs facilitated by computers and the Internet offer a promising delivery method for school-based prevention.
年轻人饮酒和吸毒是一个严重的问题，显然需要采取有效的预防措施。本文确定并描述了目前在学校中通过计算机或互联网实施的针对酒精和其他药物的预防项目。
2012 年 3 月，我们检索了 Cochrane 图书馆、PsycINFO 和 PubMed 数据库，并从论文的参考文献中获取了额外的材料。如果研究描述了在学校中提供的针对酒精或其他药物的基于互联网或计算机的预防计划，则将其纳入研究。
确定了 10 个项目的 12 项试验。其中 7 项试验评估了基于互联网的计划，5 项通过 CD-ROM 提供干预。干预的目标是酒精、大麻和烟草。由于三个计划缺乏计算效果大小和优势比的数据，因此无法对其进行评估。在有可用数据的七个计划中，有六个在干预后和/或随访时实现了减少饮酒、大麻或烟草使用的效果。有两个干预措施与减少吸烟意图有关，有两个显著提高了酒精和药物相关知识。
这是第一项审查在学校中通过在线或计算机提供的药物和酒精预防计划效果的研究。研究结果表明，现有的学校计算机和互联网预防计划有可能减少酒精和其他药物的使用以及未来使用物质的意图。这些发现，加上新技术的实施优势和高保真度，表明计算机和互联网提供的计划为学校预防提供了一种有前途的方法。
