Department of Rehabilitation and Aged Care Unit Hospital Ancelle, Cremona, Italy.
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2012 Sep;26(3):267-76. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2012.08.001.
Delirium, an acute brain dysfunction, frequently affects intensive care unit (ICU) patients during the course of a critical illness. Besides the acute morbidities, ICU survivors often experience long-term sequelae in the form of cognitive impairment (LTCI-CI). Though delirium and LTCI-CI are associated with adverse outcomes, little is known on the terminology used to define these acute and chronic co-morbidities. The use of a correct terminology is a key factor to spread the knowledge on clinical conditions. Therefore, we first review the epidemiology, definition of delirium and its related terminology. Second, we report on the epidemiology of LTCI-CI and compare its definition to other forms of cognitive impairments. In particular, we define mild cognitive impairment, dementia and finally postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Future research is needed to interpret the trajectories of LTCI-CI, to differentiate it from neurodegenerative diseases and to provide a formal disease classification.
谵妄，一种急性脑功能障碍，常影响重症监护病房（ICU）患者在严重疾病的过程中。除了急性发病外，ICU 幸存者还经常出现认知障碍（LTCI-CI）等长期后遗症。尽管谵妄和 LTCI-CI 与不良预后相关，但对于定义这些急性和慢性共病的术语知之甚少。正确使用术语是传播临床状况知识的关键因素。因此，我们首先回顾了流行病学、谵妄的定义及其相关术语。其次，我们报告了 LTCI-CI 的流行病学，并将其定义与其他形式的认知障碍进行了比较。特别是，我们定义了轻度认知障碍、痴呆症，最后是术后认知功能障碍。需要进一步的研究来解释 LTCI-CI 的轨迹，将其与神经退行性疾病区分开来，并提供正式的疾病分类。
