DynaMo Centre of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2013 Apr;24(2):263-70. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.09.006. Epub 2012 Oct 4.
From a biotechnological perspective transport processes represent attractive targets for modulation of metabolite levels and are the foundation for the emerging field of transport engineering. Potential applications of transport engineering include control of metabolite accumulation in a tissue-specific manner in crop plants as well as increased yields of commercially valuable compounds produced in synthetic biology approaches. Within specialized metabolism, recent advances include identification of not only vacuolar but now also plasma membrane-localized transporters and neo-functionalization of members of primary metabolite transporter families to include specific roles in transport of specialized metabolites. As glucosinolates are specialized metabolites of the model plant Arabidopsis, glucosinolate transport processes emerge as a model system for studying transport of specialized metabolites.
从生物技术的角度来看，运输过程是调节代谢物水平的有吸引力的目标，也是运输工程学这一新兴领域的基础。运输工程学的潜在应用包括以组织特异性方式控制作物植物中代谢物的积累，以及增加通过合成生物学方法生产的商业价值化合物的产量。在特殊代谢物中，最近的进展不仅包括鉴定液泡定位的转运体，现在还包括质膜定位的转运体，以及初级代谢物转运体家族成员的新功能化，以包括在特殊代谢物运输中的特定作用。由于硫代葡萄糖苷是模式植物拟南芥的特殊代谢物，硫代葡萄糖苷的运输过程成为研究特殊代谢物运输的模型系统。
