Shitan Nobukazu
a Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , Kobe Pharmaceutical University , Kobe , Japan.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2016 Jul;80(7):1283-93. doi: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1151344. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
Plants produce a host of secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities, including potential toxicity to eukaryotic cells. Plants generally manage these compounds by transport to the apoplast or specific organelles such as the vacuole, or other self-tolerance mechanisms. For efficient production of such bioactive compounds in plants or microbes, transport and self-tolerance mechanisms should function cooperatively with the corresponding biosynthetic enzymes. Intensive studies have identified and characterized the proteins responsible for transport and self-tolerance. In particular, many transporters have been isolated and their physiological functions have been proposed. This review describes recent progress in studies of transport and self-tolerance and provides an updated inventory of transporters according to their substrates. Application of such knowledge to synthetic biology might enable efficient production of valuable secondary metabolites in the future.
植物产生大量具有广泛生物活性的次生代谢产物，包括对真核细胞的潜在毒性。植物通常通过将这些化合物运输到质外体或特定细胞器（如液泡），或其他自我耐受机制来管理它们。为了在植物或微生物中高效生产此类生物活性化合物，运输和自我耐受机制应与相应的生物合成酶协同发挥作用。深入研究已经鉴定并表征了负责运输和自我耐受的蛋白质。特别是，许多转运蛋白已被分离出来，并提出了它们的生理功能。本综述描述了运输和自我耐受研究的最新进展，并根据其底物提供了转运蛋白的最新清单。将这些知识应用于合成生物学可能会在未来实现有价值的次生代谢产物的高效生产。
