Centre for Practice Changing Research, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
Pediatrics. 2012 Nov;130(5):918-25. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-3848. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
The use of oral sucrose has been the most extensively studied pain intervention in newborn care to date. More than 150 published studies relating to sweet-taste-induced calming and analgesia in human infants have been identified, of which 100 (65%) include sucrose. With only a few exceptions, sucrose, glucose, or other sweet solutions reduced pain responses during commonly performed painful procedures in diverse populations of infants up to 12 months of age. Sucrose has been widely recommended for routine use during painful procedures in newborn and young infants, yet these recommendations have not been translated into consistent use in clinical practice. One reason may be related to important knowledge and research gaps concerning analgesic effects of sucrose. Notably, the mechanism of sweet-taste-induced analgesia is still not precisely understood, which has implications for using research evidence in practice. The aim of this article is to review what is known about the mechanisms of sucrose-induced analgesia; highlight existing evidence, knowledge gaps, and current controversies; and provide directions for future research and practice.
迄今为止，口服蔗糖已成为新生儿护理中研究最广泛的疼痛干预措施。已经确定了超过 150 项与人类婴儿甜味诱导镇静和镇痛相关的已发表研究，其中 100 项（65%）包含蔗糖。除了少数例外，蔗糖、葡萄糖或其他甜味溶液可降低 12 个月以下不同婴儿群体在常见疼痛操作过程中的疼痛反应。在新生儿和婴儿的疼痛操作中，已广泛推荐常规使用蔗糖，但这些建议并未转化为临床实践中的一致使用。原因之一可能与有关蔗糖镇痛作用的重要知识和研究空白有关。值得注意的是，甜味诱导镇痛的机制尚不完全清楚，这对在实践中使用研究证据有影响。本文的目的是回顾已知的蔗糖诱导镇痛机制；强调现有证据、知识空白和当前争议；并为未来的研究和实践提供方向。
