Department of Health Systems Management, Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business & Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Emotion. 2013 Apr;13(2):216-25. doi: 10.1037/a0029973. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
Drawing on the approach-avoidance theory, we have examined the role of avoidance motivation in explaining the negative effects of a life-threatening event on subjective well-being (SWB). Residents of the south of Israel were surveyed during heavy missile attacks in January 2009 (T1; n = 283), and again after 6 months (T2; n = 212) and 1 year (T3; n = 154). During the missile attacks, we also surveyed a group from the center of the country (T1; n = 102), not exposed to the attacks. The results indicate that avoidance motivation was activated by the life threat and further mediated its detrimental influence on SWB measures (positive/negative affects, anxiety, and subjective health). Moreover, within the southern sample, the drop in avoidance motivation over time mediated the parallel drop in SWB. In contrast to avoidance motivation, approach motivation remained stable over time and was related to positive emotions. The role of avoidance and approach motivations in life-threatening situations is further discussed.
基于趋近-回避理论，我们考察了回避动机在解释威胁生命的事件对主观幸福感（SWB）的负面影响中的作用。2009 年 1 月，以色列南部的居民在遭受密集导弹袭击期间（T1；n=283）接受了调查，6 个月后（T2；n=212）和 1 年后（T3；n=154）再次接受了调查。在导弹袭击期间，我们还对来自该国中部（T1；n=102）未受袭击影响的一组人员进行了调查。结果表明，回避动机是由生命威胁引发的，进一步介导了其对 SWB 测量（积极/消极影响、焦虑和主观健康）的不利影响。此外，在南部样本中，回避动机随时间的下降介导了 SWB 的平行下降。与回避动机不同，趋近动机随时间保持稳定，与积极情绪有关。进一步讨论了在威胁生命的情况下，回避和趋近动机的作用。
