Institute of Work, Health and Organisations, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Disabil Rehabil. 2012;34(24):2047-52. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2012.667503.
Anxiety is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Little is known about the factors related to anxiety. The aim was to identify factors associated with the presence of anxiety.
This was a cohort study. Participants were sent questionnaires to measure factors potentially related to anxiety. The factors included disability, depression, self-efficacy, locus of control, general stress, psychological distress and factors specific to MS. Participants with significant levels of anxiety, as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), were compared to those who were not anxious.
Of the 157 participants who took part, 89 (57%) were clinically anxious. Participants who were anxious had a lower level of self-efficacy (p < 0.001), higher level of disability (p < 0.001), higher level of depression (p < 0.001) and higher level of stress (p < 0.001). The regression analysis showed that experiencing depression (χ(2) = 5.05, OR = 1.32, p < 0.05) was the only factor that significantly predicted whether someone was anxious or not, accounting for 46% of the variance.
There was a high prevalence of anxiety in people with MS. Depression, low levels of self-efficacy, disability and stress increased the likelihood of experiencing anxiety.
多发性硬化症（MS）患者常伴有焦虑。目前对于导致焦虑的相关因素知之甚少。本研究旨在明确与焦虑相关的因素。
这是一项队列研究。参与者收到了评估潜在与焦虑相关因素的问卷。这些因素包括残疾、抑郁、自我效能感、控制源、一般压力、心理困扰和特定于 MS 的因素。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估有显著焦虑水平的参与者与无焦虑者之间的差异。
在 157 名参与的参与者中，89 名（57%）存在临床焦虑。焦虑组的自我效能感水平较低（p < 0.001），残疾程度较高（p < 0.001），抑郁程度较高（p < 0.001），压力水平较高（p < 0.001）。回归分析显示，抑郁体验（χ²=5.05，OR=1.32，p<0.05）是唯一显著预测焦虑的因素，占方差的 46%。
MS 患者中焦虑的发生率较高。抑郁、自我效能感低、残疾和压力增加了焦虑的可能性。
