Bolten W W, Reiter S
Abt. Rheumatologie, Klaus Miehlke Klinik, Leibnizstr. 23, 65191, Wiesbaden, Deutschland.
Z Rheumatol. 2012 Nov;71(9):816-22. doi: 10.1007/s00393-012-1026-4.
The treatment of musculoskeletal pain is often difficult. For this reason opioids are increasingly being used for chronic musculoskeletal complaints despite poor or lacking evidence for their pain relieving and function improving effects. However, side effects are common and can be severe. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia can lead to higher doses and stronger pain and increase the risk of side effects. Long-term treatment of rheumatic pain with opioids should be carried out with caution.
肌肉骨骼疼痛的治疗往往很困难。因此,尽管缺乏充分证据证明阿片类药物对缓解疼痛和改善功能有效果,但它们越来越多地被用于治疗慢性肌肉骨骼疾病。然而,副作用很常见,而且可能很严重。阿片类药物引起的痛觉过敏会导致更高的剂量和更强烈的疼痛,并增加副作用的风险。用阿片类药物长期治疗风湿性疼痛时应谨慎进行。