Decision and Cognitive Sciences Research Centre, Manchester Business School, MBS East, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 6PB, UK.
Behav Res Methods. 2013 Jun;45(2):516-26. doi: 10.3758/s13428-012-0267-0.
We present modality exclusivity norms for 400 randomly selected noun concepts, for which participants provided perceptual strength ratings across five sensory modalities (i.e., hearing, taste, touch, smell, and vision). A comparison with previous norms showed that noun concepts are more multimodal than adjective concepts, as nouns tend to subsume multiple adjectival property concepts (e.g., perceptual experience of the concept baby involves auditory, haptic, olfactory, and visual properties, and hence leads to multimodal perceptual strength). To show the value of these norms, we then used them to test a prediction of the sound symbolism hypothesis: Analysis revealed a systematic relationship between strength of perceptual experience in the referent concept and surface word form, such that distinctive perceptual experience tends to attract distinctive lexical labels. In other words, modality-specific norms of perceptual strength are useful for exploring not just the nature of grounded concepts, but also the nature of form-meaning relationships. These norms will be of benefit to those interested in the representational nature of concepts, the roles of perceptual information in word processing and in grounded cognition more generally, and the relationship between form and meaning in language development and evolution.
我们为 400 个随机选择的名词概念提供了模态独特性规范，参与者在五个感觉模态（即听觉、味觉、触觉、嗅觉和视觉）上对这些名词概念进行了感知强度评级。与之前的规范进行比较表明，名词概念比形容词概念更为多模态，因为名词往往包含多个形容词属性概念（例如，对婴儿概念的感知体验涉及听觉、触觉、嗅觉和视觉属性，因此导致多模态感知强度）。为了展示这些规范的价值，我们随后使用它们来检验声音象征意义假说的一个预测：分析显示，在参照概念中感知体验的强度与表面词形之间存在系统关系，即独特的感知体验往往会吸引独特的词汇标签。换句话说，感知强度的特定模态规范不仅有助于探索基于感觉的概念的本质，还有助于探索形式与意义关系的本质。这些规范将使那些对概念的代表性本质、感知信息在单词处理和更广泛的基于感觉的认知中的作用、语言发展和演变中形式与意义之间关系感兴趣的人受益。
