Mir J, Priebe S, Mundt A P
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik, Charité im St. Hedwig Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115 Berlin, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2013 Jul;84(7):844-50. doi: 10.1007/s00115-012-3657-8.
The aim of this study is to compare the historic development of indicators of institutionalized care for the mentally ill in East and West Germany since the political change of 1989.
Data on numbers of psychiatric beds, prison populations, the occupancy in forensic psychiatric institutions, in rehabilitation services, in supported housing units and involuntary admission rates are presented in historic time lines. Changes were calculated as a percentage.
After 1989 general psychiatric bed numbers decreased by 61% and the prison population by 77% in East Germany both from initially higher to then lower rates than in West Germany. Since 1993 there has been an approximation of the numbers in East and West Germany. In both parts of Germany the forensic psychiatric bed numbers, supported housing and rehabilitation capacities have increased. Involuntary admission rates into general psychiatry are on the increase in both parts of Germany. They continue to be 3.3 times higher in West Germany than in East Germany.
The harmonization of capacities in mental health care institutions between both parts of Germany was realized within a few years after reunification. Continuous differences remain regarding the involuntary admission rates.
本研究旨在比较自1989年政治变革以来东德和西德精神病患者机构化护理指标的历史发展情况。
以历史时间线呈现精神病床位数量、监狱人口数量、法医精神病机构入住率、康复服务、支持性住房单元入住率及非自愿住院率的数据。变化以百分比计算。
1989年后，东德的普通精神病床位数量减少了61%，监狱人口减少了77%，最初高于西德，之后低于西德。自1993年以来，东德和西德的数量趋于接近。德国两部分地区的法医精神病床位数量、支持性住房和康复能力均有所增加。德国两部分地区普通精神病科的非自愿住院率均在上升。西德的非自愿住院率仍比东德高3.3倍。
德国统一后的几年内，德国两部分地区的精神卫生保健机构能力实现了协调统一。非自愿住院率仍存在持续差异。
