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拓宽言语语言病理学家的视野:我们如何在全球范围内改善沟通障碍者的福祉。

Widening the SLP lens: how can we improve the wellbeing of people with communication disabilities globally.

作者信息

Wickenden Mary

机构信息

University College London, UK.

出版信息

Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013 Feb;15(1):14-20. doi: 10.3109/17549507.2012.726276. Epub 2012 Oct 16.

Abstract

This article responds to Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013) by arguing that the wellbeing of people with communication disabilities in the global south will be improved if speech and language pathologists widen their lens considerably. The numbers of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the Majority World is and will remain infinitesimally small. Therefore, to make any meaningful impact the profession needs to engage in debates and activities outside the health and service provision arenas, getting involved cross-sectorally and at various policy levels. It is contended that, although the World Report on Disability is a useful summary of the status quo, actually SLPs need to harness two other seminal documents: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and, more particularly, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities in order to drive change. Historically the profession's focus has been on impairments, and current moves to social models are welcome. However, SLPs need to embrace human rights approaches and broader frameworks of inclusive community development, using global initiatives such as community-based rehabilitation to improve the lives of people with communication disabilities. Why SLPs should become critically engaged, particularly at the macro level, is explored.

摘要

本文回应了怀利、麦卡利斯特、戴维森和马歇尔(2013年)的观点,认为如果言语和语言病理学家大幅拓宽视野,全球南方有沟通障碍者的福祉将会得到改善。多数世界的言语语言病理学家数量现在很少,未来也仍将极少。因此,为了产生任何有意义的影响,该行业需要参与健康和服务提供领域之外的辩论和活动,跨部门并在不同政策层面参与其中。有人认为,尽管《世界残疾报告》是对现状的有益总结,但实际上言语语言病理学家需要利用另外两份具有开创性的文件:《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》,更特别的是《联合国残疾人权利公约》,以推动变革。从历史上看,该行业的重点一直是损伤,目前向社会模式的转变是值得欢迎的。然而,言语语言病理学家需要接受人权方法和更广泛的包容性社区发展框架,利用基于社区的康复等全球倡议来改善有沟通障碍者的生活。本文探讨了言语语言病理学家为何应积极参与,特别是在宏观层面。

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