Roulstone Sue, Harding Sam
University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013 Feb;15(1):27-31. doi: 10.3109/17549507.2012.727870.
The World Report on Disability takes a broad emphasis on disability. In their paper on the implications of this report for speech-language pathology and for people with communication disabilities, Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013) emphasize the importance of promoting a broader view of communication disability. This commentary explores the challenges of investigating the epidemiology of communication disability, in particular, the difficulties defining the disability and then measuring it in a valid and reliable manner. The two interpretations are discussed of the concept medically under-served as it relates to speech-language pathology: service availability and service accessibility. Bourdieu's forms of capital were then explored as a way of understanding an individual's perception of capital and how service provision can enhance perceived capital and minimize loss of capital. It is important services are mindful of the variations of capital and engage with communities to facilitate access and increase their perceptions of the value of speech-language pathology (SLP) services. The focus throughout is on pre-school children with communication disability in the context of a program of research in England, called Child Talk-What Works.
《世界残疾报告》广泛关注残疾问题。怀利、麦卡利斯特、戴维森和马歇尔（2013年）在其关于该报告对言语语言病理学及沟通障碍者影响的论文中，强调了推广对沟通障碍更广泛认识的重要性。本评论探讨了调查沟通障碍流行病学所面临的挑战，尤其是在定义残疾并以有效且可靠的方式对其进行测量方面的困难。文中讨论了与言语语言病理学相关的“医疗服务不足”这一概念的两种解释：服务可获得性和服务可及性。随后探讨了布迪厄的资本形式，以此作为理解个人对资本的认知以及服务提供如何增强感知资本并减少资本损失的一种方式。重要的是，服务机构要留意资本的差异，并与社区合作，以促进服务可及性并提高他们对言语语言病理学（SLP）服务价值的认知。全文重点关注英国一项名为“儿童言语——行之有效的方法”的研究项目背景下的学前沟通障碍儿童。
