School of Nursing, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Nurs Res. 2012 Nov-Dec;61(6):433-40. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182707237.
Smokers who make a quit attempt during hospitalization have improved long-term abstinence if they receive follow-up support, including via a telephone quitline, a free resource in the United States. Smokers are referred infrequently to this resource by healthcare providers.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a Web-based educational program (Helping Smokers Quit) on translating the Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence Clinical Practice Guideline: 2008 Update into practice. Using a Web-based survey, frequency of nurses' self-reported referral of smokers to a quitline and performance of the components of a smoking cessation intervention (the 5As: Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) was compared with self-reported performance among nurses who received printed educational materials (control group) at 6 months.
Nurses from 30 (n = 15 control and n = 15 intervention) randomly selected and assigned hospitals from California, Indiana, and West Virginia participated. Both groups received a toolkit of materials including a state quitline card and access to the Tobacco Free Nurses Web site; the intervention group had additional access to a project-specific Web page and the opportunity to attend a webinar. Only nurses who completed baseline and 6-month surveys were included in the analysis. Mean improvement of the 5As and refer scores and logistic regressions of consistent (usually or always) referral to a quitline were used to examine differences over time by group.
Pre-post data were collected for 333 nurses (209 intervention, 124 control). Mean improvement was significantly higher in Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange, and Referral to a Quitline for the Help Smokers Quit group. Nurses in the control group significantly improved in Advise and Referral to a Quitline. Consistent referral was most likely in the intervention group (OR = 1.74, 95% CI [1.11, 2.72]), especially among those who viewed the webinar (OR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.03, 4.23]).
After 6 months, nurses in the intervention group had significant improvement in the frequency of interventions and consistency of referral of smokers to the quitline. The improvement of nurses' referral to the quitline among the control group who only received printed materials demonstrates that both are effective strategies in increasing awareness of this resource.
在美国，吸烟者在住院期间尝试戒烟，如果能获得后续支持，包括通过电话戒烟热线，他们更有可能长期戒烟，而该热线是一个免费资源。但医疗服务提供者很少向吸烟者推荐这一资源。
本研究旨在评估基于网络的教育项目（帮助吸烟者戒烟）在将《治疗烟草使用和依赖临床实践指南：2008 年更新》转化为实践方面的影响。通过基于网络的调查，比较了护士自我报告将吸烟者转介至戒烟热线的频率和实施戒烟干预的各组成部分（5A：询问、建议、评估、帮助、安排）的情况，这些数据是基于接受了印刷教育材料（对照组）的护士在 6 个月时的自我报告表现得出的。
来自加利福尼亚州、印第安纳州和西弗吉尼亚州的 30 家（n=15 名对照组和 n=15 名干预组）随机选定和分配的医院的护士参与了这项研究。两组都收到了一套工具包材料，包括一张州立戒烟热线卡和访问“无烟护士”网站的机会；干预组还可以访问特定项目的网页，并有机会参加网络研讨会。只有完成基线和 6 个月调查的护士才被纳入分析。采用 5A 评分和转介评分的平均改善情况以及对经常（通常或总是）转介至戒烟热线的逻辑回归，来检验不同组随时间的差异。
共收集了 333 名护士（209 名干预组，124 名对照组）的前后数据。帮助吸烟者戒烟组在建议、评估、帮助、安排和转介至戒烟热线方面的改善明显更高。对照组在建议和转介至戒烟热线方面的改善明显。干预组最有可能经常转介（OR=1.74，95%CI[1.11，2.72]），尤其是那些观看了网络研讨会的护士（OR=2.34，95%CI[1.03，4.23]）。
6 个月后，干预组护士在干预频率和吸烟者转介至戒烟热线的一致性方面有显著提高。对照组仅接受印刷材料的护士在转介至戒烟热线方面的改善表明，这两种策略都能有效提高对这一资源的认识。
