School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
J Neurophysiol. 2013 Jan;109(1):99-105. doi: 10.1152/jn.00581.2012. Epub 2012 Oct 17.
Mismatch negativity (MMN), an evoked response potential elicited when a "deviant" sound violates a regularity in the auditory environment, is integral to auditory scene processing and has been used to demonstrate "primitive intelligence" in auditory short-term memory. Using a new multiple-context and -timescale protocol we show that MMN magnitude displays a context-sensitive modulation depending on changes in the probability of a deviant at multiple temporal scales. We demonstrate a primacy bias causing asymmetric evidence-based modulation of predictions about the environment, and we demonstrate that learning how to learn about deviant probability (meta-learning) induces context-sensitive variation in the accessibility of predictive long-term memory representations that underpin the MMN. The existence of the bias and meta-learning are consistent with automatic attributions of behavioral salience governing relevance-filtering processes operating outside of awareness.
失匹配负波（MMN）是一种诱发电位，当“异常”声音违反听觉环境中的规则时会产生这种电位，它是听觉场景处理的重要组成部分，并已被用于证明听觉短期记忆中的“原始智能”。使用一种新的多上下文和多时间尺度协议，我们表明 MMN 幅度会根据多个时间尺度上异常概率的变化显示出上下文敏感的调制。我们证明了一种优先偏见，导致对环境的预测进行基于证据的不对称调制，并且我们证明了学习如何学习异常概率（元学习）会引起预测性长期记忆表示的可及性的上下文敏感变化，这些变化是 MMN 的基础。这种偏见和元学习的存在与自动归因于行为显著性一致，这些显著性控制着在意识之外运行的相关性过滤过程。
