Ahmad Nisar, Mahmood Fazal, Khalil Shahid Akbar, Zamir Roshan, Fazal Hina, Abbasi Bilal Haider
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, Pakistan.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2014 Oct;30(9):826-34. doi: 10.1177/0748233712463775. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
Edible mushrooms (EMs) are nutritionally rich source of proteins and essential amino acids. In the present study, the antioxidant activity via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and antimicrobial potential in EMs (Pleurotus ostreatus, Morchella esculenta, P. ostreatus (Black), P. ostreatus (Yellow) and Pleurotus sajor-caju) were investigated. The DPPH radical scavenging activity revealed that the significantly higher activity (66.47%) was observed in Morchella esculenta at a maximum concentration. Similarly, the dose-dependent concentrations (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 µg) were also used for other four EMs. Pleurotus ostreatus exhibited 36.13% activity, P. ostreatus (Black (B)) exhibited 30.64%, P. ostreatus (Yellow (Y)) exhibited 40.75% and Pleurotus sajor-caju exhibited 47.39% activity at higher concentrations. Furthermore, the antimicrobial potential were investigated for its toxicity against gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Erwinia carotovora and Agrobacterium tumifaciens), gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus atrophaeus and Staphylococcus aureus) and a fungal strain (Candida albicans) in comparison with standard antibiotics. Antimicrobial screening revealed that the ethanol extract of P. ostreatus was active against all microorganism tested except E. coli. Maximum zone of inhibition (13 mm) was observed against fungus and A. tumifaciens. P. sajor-caju showed best activities (12.5 mm) against B. subtilis, B. atrophaeus and K. pneumonia. P. ostreatus (Y) showed best activities against P. aeroginosa (21.83 mm), B. atrophaeus (20 mm) and C. albicans (21 mm). P. ostreatus (B) exhibited best activities against C. albicans (16 mm) and slightly lower activities against all other microbes except S. typhi. M. esculenta possess maximum activities in terms of inhibition zone against all microorganisms tested except S. typhi.
食用菌是富含蛋白质和必需氨基酸的营养来源。在本研究中，对平菇、羊肚菌、黑色平菇、黄色平菇和佛罗里达平菇等食用菌通过1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）法测定其抗氧化活性，并研究其抗菌潜力。DPPH自由基清除活性表明，在最大浓度下，羊肚菌的活性显著更高（66.47%）。同样，也对其他四种食用菌使用了剂量依赖性浓度（200、400、600、800和1000微克）。在较高浓度下，平菇的活性为36.13%，黑色平菇为30.64%，黄色平菇为40.75%，佛罗里达平菇为47.39%。此外，与标准抗生素相比，研究了其对革兰氏阴性细菌菌株（大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌和根癌土壤杆菌）、革兰氏阳性细菌菌株（枯草芽孢杆菌、萎缩芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）和真菌菌株（白色念珠菌）的抗菌潜力。抗菌筛选显示，平菇的乙醇提取物对除大肠杆菌外的所有测试微生物均有活性。对真菌和根癌土壤杆菌观察到最大抑菌圈（13毫米）。佛罗里达平菇对枯草芽孢杆菌、萎缩芽孢杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌表现出最佳活性（12.5毫米）。黄色平菇对铜绿假单胞菌（21.83毫米）、萎缩芽孢杆菌（20毫米）和白色念珠菌（21毫米）表现出最佳活性。黑色平菇对白色念珠菌表现出最佳活性（16毫米），对除伤寒沙门氏菌外的所有其他微生物的活性略低。在对除伤寒沙门氏菌外的所有测试微生物的抑菌圈方面，羊肚菌具有最大活性。
