Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutics & Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
Bioactivity Program, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia.
Molecules. 2020 Dec 11;25(24):5848. doi: 10.3390/molecules25245848.
Fungi are a rich source of secondary metabolites with several pharmacological activities such as antifungal, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer to name a few. Due to the large number of diverse structured chemical compounds they produce, fungi from the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Muccoromycota have been intensively studied for isolation of bioactive compounds. Basidiomycetes-derived secondary metabolites are known as a promising source of antibacterial compounds with activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The continued emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major challenge to patient health as it leads to higher morbidity and mortality, higher hospital-stay duration and substantial economic burden in global healthcare sector. One of the key culprits for AMR crisis is causing community-acquired infections as the pathogen develops resistance towards multiple antibiotics. The recent emergence of community strains of harbouring methicillin-resistant (MRSA), vancomycin-intermediate (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) genes associated with increased virulence is challenging. Despite the few significant developments in antibiotic research, successful MRSA therapeutic options are still needed to reduce the use of scanty and expensive second-line treatments. This paper provides an overview of findings from various studies on antibacterial secondary metabolites from basidiomycetes, with a special focus on antistaphylococcal activity.
真菌是次生代谢产物的丰富来源，具有多种药理活性，如抗真菌、抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌等。由于它们产生的大量结构多样的化学化合物，子囊菌门、担子菌门和毛霉门的真菌已被深入研究以分离生物活性化合物。担子菌来源的次生代谢产物被认为是具有抗革兰氏阳性菌活性的抗菌化合物的有前途的来源。抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的持续出现对患者健康构成了重大挑战，因为它导致发病率和死亡率更高、住院时间更长以及在全球医疗保健部门造成巨大的经济负担。AMR 危机的一个主要罪魁祸首是社区获得性感染，因为病原体对多种抗生素产生了耐药性。最近出现的社区菌株携带与毒力增加相关的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、万古霉素中介（VISA）和万古霉素耐药（VRSA）基因，这具有挑战性。尽管抗生素研究取得了一些重大进展，但仍需要有成功的 MRSA 治疗选择，以减少对稀缺和昂贵的二线治疗方法的使用。本文概述了从担子菌中分离出的具有抗菌活性的次生代谢产物的各种研究结果，特别关注抗葡萄球菌活性。
