Shukia R, Sharma S B, Puri D, Prabhu K M, Murthy P S
Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Shahdara, 110095 Delhi.
Indian J Clin Biochem. 2000 Aug;15(Suppl 1):169-77. doi: 10.1007/BF02867556.
Many plants have been used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indian system of medicine and in other ancient systems of the world. Out of these only a few have been evaluated as per modern system of medicine. From many such plants only extracts have been prepared and their usefulness evaluated in experimental diabetes in animals. In some plants likeAllium cepa, Allium sativum, Ficus bengalensis, Gymnema sylvestre, Pterocarpus marsupium etc. active hypoglycemic principles have been isolated and their mechanism of action studied. Most of them seem to act directly on pancreas (pancreatic effect) and stimulate insulin level in blood. Some have extra pancreatic effect also by acting directly on tissues like liver, muscle etc. and alter favourably the activities of the regulatory enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and other pathways. Since the plant products have less side effects, they have the potential as good hypoglycemic drugs. They may also provide clues for the development of new and better oral drugs for diabetes.
在印度医学体系以及世界其他古代医学体系中，许多植物都被用于治疗糖尿病。在这些植物中，只有少数按照现代医学体系进行了评估。从众多此类植物中，仅制备了提取物，并在动物实验性糖尿病中评估了其效用。在一些植物中，如洋葱、大蒜、孟加拉榕树、匙羹藤、印度紫檀等，已分离出活性降糖成分，并对其作用机制进行了研究。它们中的大多数似乎直接作用于胰腺（胰腺效应），并刺激血液中的胰岛素水平。有些还通过直接作用于肝脏、肌肉等组织产生胰腺外效应，并有利地改变糖酵解、糖异生和其他途径的调节酶的活性。由于植物产品副作用较小，它们有潜力成为良好的降糖药物。它们还可能为开发新型更好的糖尿病口服药物提供线索。
