Celik Istemi Han, Demirel Gamze, Canpolat Fuat Emre, Dilmen Ugur
Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Mersin Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Mersin, Turkey.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 Mar;26(5):459-62. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.735994. Epub 2012 Oct 31.
Compared with term infants, late preterm infants are immature physiologically and metabolically, and have higher risks for medical complications such as respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, sepsis, feeding difficulty and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. The incidence of late preterm birth is increasing. We evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics, short-term outcomes and clinical courses of late preterm infants admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Data from NICU admissions of 605 late preterm and 1477 term infants in the 1-year period between June 2010 and May 2011 were analyzed. There were 2004 late preterm deliveries and 18,854 total deliveries. Of late preterm infants, 30% were admitted to the NICU. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 35(1/7) weeks and 2352 g, respectively. The admission diagnoses were respiratory distress (46.5%), low birth weight (17.5%), jaundice (13.7%), feeding difficulty (13.1%), polycythemia (8.1%) and hypoglycemia (4%); these morbidity rates were higher than those in term infants (p < 0.001). The overall mean hospitalization period was 7.5 ± 9.1 days. The respective mortality and rehospitalization rates were 2.1% and 4.4%, which were higher than those for term infants (p < 0.001). In conclusion, late preterm infants should be followed closely for the complications just after birth, and preventive strategies should be developed.
与足月儿相比，晚期早产儿在生理和代谢方面不成熟，发生呼吸窘迫、低血糖、高胆红素血症、败血症、喂养困难及神经发育不良等医学并发症的风险更高。晚期早产的发生率正在上升。我们评估了入住我院新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的晚期早产儿的临床和人口统计学特征、短期结局及临床病程。分析了2010年6月至2011年5月这1年期间605例晚期早产儿和1477例足月儿入住NICU的数据。共有2004例晚期早产分娩和18854例总分娩。晚期早产儿中，30%入住了NICU。平均胎龄和出生体重分别为35(1/7)周和2352克。入院诊断为呼吸窘迫（46.5%）、低出生体重（17.5%）、黄疸（13.7%）、喂养困难（13.1%）、红细胞增多症（8.1%）和低血糖（4%）；这些发病率高于足月儿（p<0.001）。总体平均住院时间为7.5±9.1天。死亡率和再次住院率分别为2.1%和4.4%，高于足月儿（p<0.001）。总之，晚期早产儿出生后应密切关注并发症，并应制定预防策略。
