East Midlands Healthcare Work Force Deanery, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Diabet Med. 2013 Apr;30(4):457-63. doi: 10.1111/dme.12051.
To describe contraception use and the prescription of drugs that are either not recommended in pregnancy or are potentially teratogenic by diabetes type in women of child-bearing age.
Retrospective, cross-sectional chart review undertaken in 22 general practices in Warwickshire, UK. Demographic, anthropometric, medical history, medication and contraception data were extracted from women aged 14 to 49 years with pre-existing diabetes. Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney test and χ(2) -test were used to test for univariable associations and multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders.
Four hundred and seventy eligible women were identified; the majority had a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes (67%). Thirty-six per cent and 64% of women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, respectively, were prescribed drugs not recommended for use in pregnancy (P < 0.001). Less than half were using concomitant contraception (P < 0.001). No significant difference of contraception use was observed between women who were and were not taking drugs not recommended for use in pregnancy (40 vs. 41%, P = 0.4).
Use of drugs not recommended during pregnancy in women with diabetes of child-bearing age is common but is not associated with increased use of contraception. There is need to identify and overcome barriers to effective contraception use for this population group in order to facilitate optimal management of cardiovascular risk.
描述避孕措施的使用情况以及糖尿病女性患者处方中不建议在妊娠期间使用或可能致畸的药物情况，按糖尿病类型进行划分。
在英国沃里克郡的 22 家普通诊所进行回顾性、横断面图表审查。从年龄在 14 至 49 岁患有糖尿病的女性中提取人口统计学、人体测量学、病史、药物和避孕数据。使用独立样本 t 检验、Mann-Whitney 检验和 χ(2)检验测试单变量关联，使用多元逻辑回归调整混杂因素。
确定了 470 名符合条件的女性；大多数患有 2 型糖尿病（67%）。分别有 36%和 64%的 1 型和 2 型糖尿病女性患者处方了不建议在妊娠期间使用的药物（P < 0.001）。不到一半的人同时使用避孕措施（P < 0.001）。服用不建议在妊娠期间使用的药物与未服用该类药物的女性避孕措施使用率之间没有显著差异（40%与 41%，P = 0.4）。
在生育年龄的糖尿病女性中，使用不建议在妊娠期间使用的药物很常见，但与增加避孕措施的使用无关。为了促进心血管风险的最佳管理，需要识别并克服这一人群有效避孕的障碍。
