School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2012 Dec;64(12):2720-4. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.09.023. Epub 2012 Oct 30.
Thallium(I) has been added to cultures of the marine macroalga, Ulva lactuca, for a period of 48 h and the accumulation of the metal and its effects on the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PS II) measured. Thallium elicited a measurable toxic response above concentrations of 10 μg L⁻¹ in both coastal seawater (salinity 33) and estuarine water (salinity 20). The accumulation of Tl was defined by a linear relationship with aqueous Tl and accumulation factors of about 900 mL g⁻¹ in both media. Thallium accumulated by U. lactuca that was resistant to an EDTA extraction and, by operational definition, internalised, exceeded 90% in both cases. Accumulation and toxicity of Tl in the presence of a ∼10⁵-fold excess of its biogeochemical analogue, potassium, suggests that Tl has a high intrinsic phytotoxicity and that its mode of action involves permeation of the cell membrane as Tl⁺ through NaCl-KCl co-transporter sites rather than (or in addition to) transport through K⁺ ion channels.
已将铊 (I) 添加到海洋大型藻类浒苔的培养物中 48 小时，并测量了金属的积累及其对光系统 II (PS II) 光化学效率的影响。在沿海海水（盐度 33）和河口水中（盐度 20），铊浓度高于 10 μg L⁻¹ 时，就会引发可测量的毒性反应。在这两种介质中，Tl 的积累与水相 Tl 呈线性关系，积累因子约为 900 mL g⁻¹。U. lactuca 对 EDTA 提取有抗性，并且通过操作定义，内部化，在这两种情况下，积累和毒性的 Tl 都超过了 90%。在存在约 10⁵ 倍其生物地球化学类似物钾的情况下，Tl 的积累和毒性表明 Tl 具有很高的内在植物毒性，其作用模式涉及通过细胞膜作为 Tl⁺穿过 NaCl-KCl 共转运体位点的渗透，而不是（或除了）通过 K⁺离子通道的运输。
