Anselme Patrick
Département de Psychologie, Cognition et Comportement, Université de Liège, 5 Boulevard du Rectorat (B 32), B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
Behav Processes. 2013 Jan;92:52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2012.10.007. Epub 2012 Oct 30.
Invertebrates have been studied at biochemical, ecological, and behavioural levels, but current knowledge about the impact that learning may have on behaviour is rather sparse. The present study aimed to examine the sensitivity of isolated rough woodlice (Porcellio scaber, Latreille, 1804) to the tactile novelty of their environment. A simple way to test this issue was to refer to the place preference paradigm, traditionally used in vertebrates. In Experiment 1, woodlice were placed in a compartment for 30 min in order to assess their ability to develop habituation in the absence of reward. In Experiment 2, woodlice were exposed to a compartment for 20 min (habituation phase) and were then given free choice between that compartment and a novel compartment for 2 min (preference phase). Depending on test conditions, rewards (humidity and/or shelter) were present or absent in the familiar compartment. The familiar and novel compartments differed with respect to the texture of the floor. In Experiment 3, the floor texture was the same in the two compartments in order to control for a novelty effect. The main results indicate that woodlice exhibited increased locomotion time, increased distance travelled, and increased speed in the novel compartment compared to the familiar compartment. There was no preference for either compartment when the floor textures of both were identical.
人们已经在生物化学、生态学和行为学层面研究了无脊椎动物，但目前关于学习可能对行为产生的影响的知识相当匮乏。本研究旨在检验孤立的普通卷甲虫（Porcellio scaber，拉特雷尔，1804年）对其环境触觉新奇性的敏感度。测试这个问题的一个简单方法是参考传统上用于脊椎动物的位置偏好范式。在实验1中，将卷甲虫放置在一个隔室中30分钟，以评估它们在没有奖励情况下形成习惯化的能力。在实验2中，将卷甲虫暴露在一个隔室中20分钟（习惯化阶段），然后让它们在该隔室和一个新隔室之间自由选择2分钟（偏好阶段）。根据测试条件，熟悉的隔室中存在或不存在奖励（湿度和/或遮蔽物）。熟悉的隔室和新隔室在地板质地方面有所不同。在实验3中，两个隔室的地板质地相同，以控制新奇效应。主要结果表明，与熟悉的隔室相比，卷甲虫在新隔室中的运动时间增加、行进距离增加且速度加快。当两个隔室的地板质地相同时，对任何一个隔室都没有偏好。
