Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Med Teach. 2013 May;35(5):e1123-9. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2012.733835. Epub 2012 Nov 8.
The Austrian State medical universities had to change their admission system in 2005. Until this year admission to medical studies was unrestricted. Innsbruck Medical University chose the Eignungstest für das Medizinstudium in der Schweiz (EMS) aptitude test for admission testing.
Did the implementation of a selection process affect the academic performance and drop-out rates of students according to gender?
Two groups of students were compared: 'open admission' (2002-2004), and 'selected' (2006-2009). Academic performance was tested according to results in the final exams after year 1 (SIP 1; SIP, summative integrierte Prüfung) and after year 3 (SIP 3). Drop-out rates were recorded using the registration system of the university.
Both, male and female 'selected' students had a higher passing rate regarding SIP 1 and they passed SIP 1 in shorter time and using fewer attempts than the open admission group. The percentage in passing SIP 3 did not change due to change in admission. The drop-out rates were significantly reduced for male and female students. 'Unselected' female students had a significantly higher drop-out ratio than 'unselected' male counterparts. After EMS testing, the drop-out ratios of female and male students were not significantly different.
Selected applicants were more able and better motivated to study medicine.
2005 年，奥地利国立医科大学不得不改变其招生制度。在此之前，医学专业的招生没有任何限制。因斯布鲁克医科大学选择了瑞士医学入学考试（EMS）作为入学考试的能力测试。
根据性别，实施选拔程序是否会影响学生的学习成绩和辍学率？
对两组学生进行了比较：“开放式入学”（2002-2004 年）和“选拔式入学”（2006-2009 年）。学术表现是根据第一年（SIP1；SIP，总结性综合考试）和第三年（SIP3）期末考试的成绩进行测试的。通过大学的注册系统记录辍学率。
无论是男性还是女性“选拔式入学”的学生，SIP1 的通过率都更高，他们通过 SIP1 的时间更短，尝试的次数也更少。由于入学方式的改变，通过 SIP3 的比例并没有改变。男女生的辍学率都显著降低。“未选拔”的女学生的辍学率明显高于“未选拔”的男学生。经过 EMS 测试后，男女学生的辍学率没有显著差异。
选拔出来的申请者更有能力，也更有动力学习医学。
