Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
Chin Med. 2012 Nov 12;7(1):25. doi: 10.1186/1749-8546-7-25.
With the gaining popularity of commercially prepared decoctions of herbal medicines on the market, an objective and efficient way to reveal the authenticity of such products is urgently needed. Previous attempts to use chromatographic or spectroscopic methods to identify ginseng samples made use of components derived from methanol extracts of the herb. It was not established that these herbs can be distinguished solely from consumable components, which are responsible for the clinical efficacy of the herb.In this study, metabonomics, or metabolic profiling, based on the application of 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), is applied to distinguish the water extracts of three closely related ginseng species: P. ginseng (from two different cultivated regions in China), P. notoginseng and P. quinquefolius.
A water extraction protocol that mimics how ginseng decoctions are made for consumption was used to prepare triplicate samples from each herb for analysis. High-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to acquire metabolic profiles of the four ginseng samples. The spectral data were subjected to multivariate and univariate analysis to identify metabolites that were able to distinguish different types of ginseng.
H NMR metabolic profiling was performed to distinguish the water extracts of P. ginseng cultivated in Hebei and Jilin of China, both of which were distinguished from extracts of P. notoginseng and P. quinquefolius, by unsupervised principle component analysis based on the entire 1H NMR spectral fingerprint Statistically significant differences were found for several discriminating features traced to common metabolites and the ginsenosides Rg1 and Rd, in the 1H NMR spectra.
This study demonstrated that 1H NMR metabonomics can simultaneously distinguish different ginseng species and multiple samples of the same species that were cultivated in different regions. This technique is applicable to the authentication and quality control of ginseng products.
随着市售草药汤剂的普及，迫切需要一种客观有效的方法来验证这些产品的真实性。以前尝试使用色谱或光谱方法来识别人参样品，是利用草药甲醇提取物中的成分。尚未确定这些草药是否仅能从负责草药临床疗效的可食用成分中区分出来。在这项研究中，代谢组学（或代谢物分析）基于 1H-核磁共振（NMR）的应用，用于区分三种密切相关的人参属植物：人参（来自中国的两个不同栽培区）、三七和西洋参。
采用模拟人参汤剂消费的水提方法，从每种草药中制备三重复样品进行分析。高分辨率 1H NMR 光谱用于获取四种人参样品的代谢物图谱。对光谱数据进行多元和单变量分析，以鉴定能够区分不同类型人参的代谢物。
进行了 1H NMR 代谢组学分析，以区分来自中国河北和吉林栽培的人参、三七和西洋参的水提取物，基于整个 1H NMR 光谱指纹的无监督主成分分析将其区分开来。在 1H NMR 光谱中，追踪到共同代谢物和人参皂苷 Rg1 和 Rd 的几个有区别的特征，发现了统计学上显著的差异。
本研究表明，1H NMR 代谢组学可以同时区分不同的人参属植物和同一植物的多个不同地区栽培的样本。该技术适用于人参产品的认证和质量控制。
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