Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Psychother Psychosom. 2013;82(1):53-60. doi: 10.1159/000339370. Epub 2012 Nov 6.
Premenstrual mood symptoms are considered common in women, but such prevailing attitudes are shaped by social expectations about gender, emotionality and hormonal influences. There are few prospective, community studies of women reporting mood data from all phases of the menstrual cycle (MC). We aimed (i) to analyze daily mood data over 6 months for MC phase cyclicity and (ii) to compare MC phase influences on a woman's daily mood with that attributable to key alternate explanatory variables (physical health, perceived stress and social support).
A random sample of Canadian women aged 18-40 years collected mood and health data daily over 6 months, using telemetry, producing 395 complete MCs for analysis.
Only half the individual mood items showed any MC phase association; these links were either with the menses phase alone or the menses plus the premenstrual phase. With one exception, the association was not solely premenstrual. The menses-follicular-luteal MC division gave similar results. Less than 0.5% of the women's individual periodogram records for each mood item showed MC entrainment. Physical health, perceived stress and social support were much stronger predictors of mood (p < 0.0001 in each case) than MC phase.
The results of this study do not support the widespread idea of specific premenstrual dysphoria in women. Daily physical health status, perceived stress and social support explain daily mood better than MC phase.
经前期情绪症状被认为在女性中很常见，但这种普遍观点是由社会对性别、情感和激素影响的期望所塑造的。很少有前瞻性的社区研究报告女性在整个月经周期（MC）中报告情绪数据。我们的目的是：（i）分析 6 个月的 MC 周期内每日情绪数据的周期性；（ii）比较 MC 对女性日常情绪的影响与归因于关键替代解释变量（身体健康、感知压力和社会支持）的影响。
对 18-40 岁的加拿大女性进行随机抽样，使用遥测技术每天收集 6 个月的情绪和健康数据，共分析了 395 个完整的 MC。
只有一半的个体情绪项目显示出任何 MC 阶段的关联；这些联系要么与月经阶段有关，要么与月经和经前期有关。除了一个例外，这种关联不仅仅是经前期的。月经-卵泡-黄体 MC 划分也得出了类似的结果。不到 0.5%的女性每个情绪项目的个体周期图记录显示 MC 同步。身体健康、感知压力和社会支持是情绪的更强预测因素（每种情况的 p <0.0001），而不是 MC 阶段。
这项研究的结果并不支持女性存在特定经前期抑郁的普遍观点。日常身体健康状况、感知压力和社会支持比 MC 阶段更能解释日常情绪。
