Royce L A, Rossignol P A
Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-2907.
Parasitology. 1990 Feb;100 Pt 1:147-51. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000060236.
We demonstrate, by truncating the expected negative binomial distribution, that the tracheal mite parasite, Acarapis woodi, causes mortality in the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, but, that this mortality can be documented only during periods of low mite densities (mites per bee). At high mite densities, this technique no longer reveals mite-induced mortality. We suggest that this paradox results from a reduction in the mortality threshold at high mite densities, concealing mortality from our truncation procedures. Longitudinal comparisons of hive and forager bee cohorts, nevertheless, suggests mortality at all levels of infestation. We propose that persistent parasitism overcomes a colony's ability to compensate for losses, leading to its sudden decline and death.
通过截断期望负二项分布，我们证明气管螨寄生虫武氏蜂盾螨会导致欧洲蜜蜂（西方蜜蜂）死亡，但这种死亡仅在螨虫密度较低（每只蜜蜂身上的螨虫数量）时才能被记录下来。在螨虫密度较高时，该技术无法再揭示螨虫引起的死亡情况。我们认为这种矛盾是由于在高螨虫密度下死亡阈值降低，从而使我们的截断程序无法检测到死亡情况。然而，对蜂巢和采集蜂群体的纵向比较表明，在所有感染水平下都存在死亡现象。我们提出，持续的寄生会超过蜂群补偿损失的能力，导致其突然衰退和死亡。
