Grimm Christian, Remé Charlotte E
Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Department Ophthalmology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
Methods Mol Biol. 2013;935:87-97. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-080-9_6.
The induction of retinal degeneration by light exposure is widely used to study mechanisms of cell death. The advantage of such light-induced lesions over genetically determined degenerations is that light exposures can be manipulated according to the needs of the experimenter. Bright white light exposure can induce a synchronized burst of apoptosis in photoreceptors in a large retinal area which permits to study cellular and molecular events in a controlled fashion. Blue light of high energy induces a hot spot of high retinal irradiance within very short exposure durations (seconds to minutes) and may help to unravel the initial events after light absorption which may be similar for all damage regimens. These initial events may then induce various molecular signaling pathways and secondary effects such as lipid and protein oxidation, which may be varying in different light damage setups and different strains or species, respectively. Blue light lesions also allow to study cellular responses in a circumscribed retinal area (hot spot) in comparison with the surrounding tissue.Here we describe the methods for short-term exposures (within the hours range) to bright full-spectrum white light and for short exposures (seconds to minutes) to high-energy monochromatic blue or green light.
通过光暴露诱导视网膜变性被广泛用于研究细胞死亡机制。与基因决定的变性相比，这种光诱导损伤的优势在于光暴露可根据实验者的需求进行操控。明亮的白光暴露可在大的视网膜区域诱导光感受器中同步爆发凋亡，从而能够以可控方式研究细胞和分子事件。高能蓝光在极短的暴露持续时间（数秒至数分钟）内会诱导视网膜高辐照度热点，这可能有助于揭示光吸收后的初始事件，而这些初始事件可能对所有损伤方案都是相似的。这些初始事件随后可能诱导各种分子信号通路以及诸如脂质和蛋白质氧化等次级效应，这些效应在不同的光损伤设置以及不同的品系或物种中可能会有所不同。与周围组织相比，蓝光损伤还允许在限定的视网膜区域（热点）研究细胞反应。在此，我们描述了短期（数小时范围内）暴露于明亮全光谱白光以及短期（数秒至数分钟）暴露于高能单色蓝光或绿光的方法。
