Traumatic Brain Injury Research Laboratory, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA.
Lancet Neurol. 2012 Dec;11(12):1103-12. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70226-0.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health problem with potentially serious long-term neurobehavioural sequelae. There is evidence to suggest that a history of TBI can increase a person's risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. However, individuals with dementia do not usually have a history of TBI, and survivors of TBI do not invariably acquire dementia later in life. Instead, a history of traumatic brain injury, combined with brain changes associated with normal ageing, might lead to exacerbated cognitive decline in older adults. Strategies to increase or maintain cognitive reserve might help to prevent exacerbated decline after TBI. Systematic clinical assessment could help to differentiate between exacerbated cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment, a precursor of Alzheimer's disease, with important implications for patients and their families.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个重要的公共卫生问题，可能会导致严重的长期神经行为后果。有证据表明，TBI 病史会增加一个人患阿尔茨海默病的风险。然而，痴呆症患者通常没有 TBI 病史，TBI 幸存者也不一定会在以后的生活中患上痴呆症。相反，TBI 病史加上与正常衰老相关的大脑变化，可能会导致老年人认知能力下降加剧。增加或维持认知储备的策略可能有助于预防 TBI 后认知能力下降加剧。系统的临床评估可以帮助区分认知能力下降加剧和轻度认知障碍，后者是阿尔茨海默病的前兆，这对患者及其家属具有重要意义。
