Centre for Workplace Health, Health and Safety Laboratories, The University of Sheffield, Harpur Hill, Buxton, Derbyshire SK17 3JN, UK.
Clin Chest Med. 2012 Dec;33(4):605-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2012.07.002.
Asthma and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) remain prevalent respiratory diseases and the cause of a significant disease burden. This article reviews the recent occupational and environmental causes described for these conditions. Even over the limited time spam addressed by this article, novel agents and new data relating to already suggested causes have been described. Various types of work tasks or exposures are described that appear to cause both asthma and EAA. Isocyanates, the best example of dual potential to cause asthma and EAA are discussed, as is the new understanding of the role metal-working fluids play when causing respiratory diseases.
哮喘和外源性过敏性肺泡炎（EAA）仍然是常见的呼吸道疾病，也是疾病负担的重要原因。本文综述了这些疾病最近报道的职业和环境病因。即使在本文所涉及的有限时间范围内，也有新的致病因子和与已提出病因相关的新数据被描述。描述了各种类型的工作任务或暴露，这些任务或暴露似乎会导致哮喘和 EAA。本文讨论了异氰酸酯，这是同时具有引起哮喘和 EAA 双重潜力的最佳例子，还讨论了金属加工液在引起呼吸道疾病时所起作用的新认识。
