Leslie David G, Kast Rachel E, Poulik Janet M, Rabah Raja, Sood Sandeep, Auner Gregory W, Klein Michael D
Department of Surgery, Wayne State University and Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich., USA.
Pediatr Neurosurg. 2012;48(2):109-17. doi: 10.1159/000343285. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
Raman spectroscopy can quickly and accurately diagnose tissue in near real-time. This study evaluated the capacity of Raman spectroscopy to diagnose pediatric brain tumors.
Samples of untreated pediatric medulloblastoma (4 samples and 4 patients), glioma (i.e. astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, ganglioglioma and other gliomas; 27 samples and 19 patients), and normal brain samples (33 samples and 5 patients) were collected fresh from the operating room or from our frozen tumor bank. Samples were divided and tested using routine pathology and Raman spectroscopy. Twelve Raman spectra were collected per sample. Support vector machine analysis was used to classify spectra using the pathology diagnosis as the gold standard.
Normal brain (321 spectra), glioma (246 spectra) and medulloblastoma (82 spectra) were identified with 96.9, 96.7 and 93.9% accuracy, respectively, when compared with each other. High-grade ependymomas (41 spectra) were differentiated from low-grade ependymomas (25 spectra) with 100% sensitivity and 96.0% specificity. Normal brain tissue was distinguished from low-grade glioma (118 spectra) with 91.5% sensitivity and 97.8% specificity. For these analyses, the tissue-level classification was determined to be 100% accurate.
These results suggest Raman spectroscopy can accurately distinguish pediatric brain neoplasms from normal brain tissue, similar tumor types from each other and high-grade from low-grade tumors.
拉曼光谱能够近乎实时地快速准确诊断组织。本研究评估了拉曼光谱诊断小儿脑肿瘤的能力。
从未经治疗的小儿髓母细胞瘤（4个样本和4例患者）、胶质瘤（即星形细胞瘤、少突胶质细胞瘤、室管膜瘤、神经节胶质瘤和其他胶质瘤；27个样本和19例患者）以及正常脑样本（33个样本和5例患者）中，从手术室或我们的冷冻肿瘤库新鲜采集样本。将样本分开，使用常规病理学和拉曼光谱进行检测。每个样本收集12条拉曼光谱。以病理学诊断作为金标准，使用支持向量机分析对光谱进行分类。
与彼此相比，正常脑（321条光谱）、胶质瘤（246条光谱）和髓母细胞瘤（82条光谱）的识别准确率分别为96.9%、96.7%和93.9%。高级别室管膜瘤（41条光谱）与低级别室管膜瘤（25条光谱）的区分灵敏度为100%，特异性为96.0%。正常脑组织与低级别胶质瘤（118条光谱）的区分灵敏度为91.5%，特异性为97.8%。对于这些分析，组织水平分类的准确率为100%。
这些结果表明拉曼光谱能够准确区分小儿脑肿瘤与正常脑组织，区分相似肿瘤类型，以及区分高级别与低级别肿瘤。
