Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
Hum Genomics. 2012 Nov 17;6(1):23. doi: 10.1186/1479-7364-6-23.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA, which have recently been shown to have a wide variety of regulatory functions in relation to gene expression. Since their identification nearly 20 years ago, miRNAs have been found to play an important role in cancer, including in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated tumours. NF1 is the most commonly inherited tumour predisposition syndrome and can lead to malignancy via the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs). Although the mechanisms by which benign neurofibromas develop into MPNSTs still remain to be elucidated, it is becoming increasingly clear that miRNAs play a key role in this process and have the potential to be used as both diagnostic and prognostic markers of tumorigenesis.
微小 RNA（miRNAs）是一类非编码 RNA，最近研究表明其在基因表达方面具有广泛的调控功能。自近 20 年前发现 miRNA 以来，它们已被证明在癌症中发挥着重要作用，包括在 1 型神经纤维瘤病（NF1）相关肿瘤中。NF1 是最常见的遗传性肿瘤易感性综合征，可通过恶性外周神经鞘瘤（MPNST）的发展导致恶性肿瘤。尽管良性神经纤维瘤发展为 MPNST 的机制仍有待阐明，但越来越明显的是，miRNAs 在这个过程中起着关键作用，并有可能作为肿瘤发生的诊断和预后标志物。
