Pelosi Augusta, Anderson Lorel K, Paugh Jennine, Robinson Scott, Eyster George E
Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1314, USA.
Vet Surg. 2013 Feb;42(2):119-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2012.01008.x. Epub 2012 Nov 19.
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been used in veterinary medicine in experimental surgery and to address congenital and acquired diseases. We review the veterinary literature and expose common challenges of CPB in dogs and cats. Specifically, we describe the most specific elements of this technique in veterinary patients. The variety in animal size has made it difficult to standardize cannulation techniques, oxygenators, and priming volumes and solutions. The fact that one of the most common cardiovascular disorders, mitral valve disease, occurs predominantly in small dogs has limited the use of bypass in these patients because of the need for small, low prime oxygenators and pumps that have been unavailable until recently. Coagulation, hemostasis, and blood product availability have also represented important factors in the way CPB has developed over the years. The cost and the challenges in operating the bypass machine have represented substantial limitations in its broader use.
体外循环（CPB）已在兽医学中用于实验性手术以及治疗先天性和后天性疾病。我们回顾了兽医文献，并揭示了犬猫体外循环中的常见挑战。具体而言，我们描述了该技术在兽医患者中的最特殊要素。动物体型的差异使得插管技术、氧合器、预充量和溶液难以标准化。最常见的心血管疾病之一二尖瓣疾病主要发生在小型犬身上，这一事实限制了这些患者使用体外循环，因为需要小型、低预充量的氧合器和泵，而这些直到最近才出现。多年来，凝血、止血和血液制品的可用性也是体外循环发展过程中的重要因素。体外循环机的成本和操作挑战在其更广泛应用方面构成了重大限制。
