Cross E R, Hyams K C
Department of Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Research Institute, Rockville, MD 20852.
Am J Public Health. 1990 Apr;80(4):435-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.80.4.435.
An extensive skin testing program is part of the United States Naval Medical Command's infectious disease control effort. From 1980 to 1986, 2,306,533 skin tests, using five TU PPD, were performed on active-duty Navy and Marine Corps personnel, 0.97 percent of which were positive. A downward trend in positive tests was found with a high of 1.43 percent in 1980 and a low of 0.80 percent in 1983. Since 1984, the percentage of positive tests has remained the same or increased. Shore-based medical facilities around the world reported 1,491,646 skin tests with 1.07 percent positive; Navy ships reported 814,887 skin tests with 0.78 percent positive. PPD-positivity for ships in the Pacific area was higher (0.98 percent) than for ships in the Atlantic (0.62 percent). During this same period, the percentage of positive tests in Navy and Marine Corps recruits ranged from a high of 1.82 percent in 1981 to a low of 1.23 percent in 1986. Since 1984, the percentage of positive tests has remained relatively stable in recruits. The frequency of positive PPD tests found in this study is lower than the percentage positive (1.59 percent) found in active-duty Navy personnel in 1969 and the percentage positive (5.2 percent) found in a study of Navy and Marine Corps recruits between 1958 and 1969.
广泛的皮肤测试项目是美国海军医学司令部传染病控制工作的一部分。1980年至1986年期间，对现役海军和海军陆战队人员进行了2306533次使用5结核菌素单位纯蛋白衍生物（PPD）的皮肤测试，其中0.97%呈阳性。发现阳性测试呈下降趋势，1980年最高为1.43%，1983年最低为0.80%。自1984年以来，阳性测试的百分比一直保持不变或有所增加。世界各地的岸上医疗设施报告了1491646次皮肤测试，阳性率为1.07%；海军舰艇报告了814887次皮肤测试，阳性率为0.78%。太平洋地区舰艇的PPD阳性率（0.98%）高于大西洋地区舰艇（0.62%）。在同一时期，海军和海军陆战队新兵的阳性测试百分比从1981年的最高1.82%到1986年的最低1.23%不等。自1984年以来，新兵中阳性测试的百分比一直相对稳定。本研究中发现的PPD阳性测试频率低于1969年现役海军人员中发现的阳性百分比（1.59%）以及1958年至1969年期间海军和海军陆战队新兵研究中发现的阳性百分比（5.2%）。
