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一项基于保险理赔数据的自行车与乘用车碰撞事故研究。

A study of bicycle and passenger car collisions based on insurance claims data.

作者信息

Isaksson-Hellman Irene

机构信息

If Insurance Company P&C Ltd.

出版信息

Ann Adv Automot Med. 2012;56:3-12.

Abstract

In Sweden, bicycle crashes are under-reported in the official statistics that are based on police reports. Statistics from hospital reports show that cyclists constitute the highest percentage of severely injured road users compared to other road user groups. However, hospital reports lack detailed information about the crash. To get a more comprehensive view, additional data are needed to accurately reflect the casualty situation for cyclists.An analysis based on 438 cases of bicycle and passenger car collisions is presented, using data collected from insurance claims. The most frequent crash situations are described with factors as to where and when collisions occur, age and gender of the involved cyclists and drivers. Information on environmental circumstances such as road status, weather- and light conditions, speedlimits and traffic environment is also included. Based on the various crash events, a total of 32 different scenarios have been categorized, and it was found that more than 75% were different kinds of intersection related situations. From the data, it was concluded that factors such as estimated impact speed and age significantly influence injury severity.The insurance claims data complement the official statistics and provide a more comprehensive view of bicycle and passenger car collisions by considering all levels of crash and injury severity. The detailed descriptions of the crash situations also provide an opportunity to find countermeasures to prevent or mitigate collisions. The results provide a useful basis, and facilitates the work of reducing the number of bicycle and passenger car collisions with serious consequences.

摘要

在瑞典,官方统计数据(基于警方报告)对自行车事故的报告不足。医院报告的统计数据显示,与其他道路使用者群体相比,骑自行车的人在重伤道路使用者中所占比例最高。然而,医院报告缺乏有关事故的详细信息。为了获得更全面的了解,需要额外的数据来准确反映骑自行车者的伤亡情况。本文基于从保险理赔中收集的数据,对438起自行车与乘用车碰撞事故进行了分析。描述了最常见的碰撞情况,包括碰撞发生的地点和时间、涉事骑自行车者和司机的年龄及性别等因素。还包括道路状况、天气和光照条件、限速和交通环境等环境情况信息。基于各种碰撞事件,共分类出32种不同场景,并发现超过75%是与交叉路口相关的不同类型情况。从数据中得出结论,估计碰撞速度和年龄等因素会显著影响受伤严重程度。保险理赔数据补充了官方统计数据,通过考虑所有碰撞和受伤严重程度级别,提供了对自行车与乘用车碰撞事故更全面的了解。对碰撞情况的详细描述也为寻找预防或减轻碰撞的对策提供了机会。研究结果提供了有用的依据,并有助于减少造成严重后果的自行车与乘用车碰撞事故数量的工作。

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