Embrapa, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
Theriogenology. 2013 Jan 15;79(2):267-73. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.08.015. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
Ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration is used to recover cumulus-oocyte complexes (for IVF) and to synchronize follicular wave emergence (ablation of dominant follicle). Although aspirated follicles are generally supposed to undergo immediate atresia, there are indications that they may remain active. The objective was to evaluate the occurrence and characteristics of residual follicles (RF) after transvaginal follicle aspiration in cattle. Ovarian follicular wave emergence was synchronized in Holstein cows (N = 13) in the presence (groups 1 and 3) or absence (groups 2 and 4) of norgestomet implants. The largest follicle was aspirated at a diameter of 8 mm (groups 1 and 2) or 12 mm (groups 3 and 4). Ovarian follicles were visualized (transrectal ultrasonography) every 12 h after wave emergence. Follicular fluid samples were collected from the largest follicle and from the ensuing RF and concentrations of estradiol and progesterone were determined. After aspiration, 73.2% (52/71) of the follicles refilled with fluid, and a new antrum was detected 12 to 24 h later. Norgestomet did not affect (P > 0.05) RF occurrence or diameter, but in RF from group 4, concentrations of estradiol decreased (-530.7 ± 133.9 ng/mL; P < 0.01) whereas progesterone increased (+429.6 ± 171.7 ng/mL; P < 0.05) relative to preaspiration. In RF, there were three steroidogenesis patterns: (1) high estradiol concentration and high estradiol:progesterone ratio (estradiol-active RF); (2) low estradiol, but high progesterone concentrations (luteinized RF); and (3) low estradiol and low progesterone concentrations (inactive RF). Estradiol-active RF were more likely (P < 0.05) from follicles with high estradiol concentrations (regardless of diameter). In conclusion, fluid-filled structures (RF) with variable steroid production patterns are frequently formed after ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration. The occurrence and features of these RF depended on the diameter and status of these follicles before aspiration.
经阴道超声引导下卵泡抽吸术用于回收卵丘-卵母细胞复合物（用于 IVF）并同步卵泡波出现（去除优势卵泡）。虽然抽吸的卵泡通常被认为会立即发生闭锁，但有迹象表明它们可能保持活跃。本研究的目的是评估牛经阴道卵泡抽吸后残留卵泡（RF）的发生和特征。在存在（第 1 组和第 3 组）或不存在（第 2 组和第 4 组）去氧孕烯植入物的情况下，同步荷斯坦奶牛的卵巢卵泡波出现。在直径为 8 毫米时抽吸最大卵泡（第 1 组和第 2 组）或 12 毫米时抽吸最大卵泡（第 3 组和第 4 组）。在波出现后每 12 小时通过直肠超声检查对卵巢卵泡进行可视化。从最大卵泡和随后的 RF 中采集卵泡液样本，并测定雌二醇和孕酮的浓度。抽吸后，73.2%（52/71）的卵泡重新充满液体，并且在 12 至 24 小时后检测到新的窦卵泡。去氧孕烯不影响（P>0.05）RF 的发生或直径，但在第 4 组的 RF 中，雌二醇浓度降低（-530.7±133.9ng/mL；P<0.01），而孕酮增加（+429.6±171.7ng/mL；P<0.05）与抽吸前相比。在 RF 中，有三种甾体生成模式：（1）高雌二醇浓度和高雌二醇：孕酮比值（雌二醇活性 RF）；（2）低雌二醇，但孕酮浓度高（黄体化 RF）；和（3）低雌二醇和低孕酮浓度（非活性 RF）。具有高雌二醇浓度的卵泡（无论直径如何）更有可能形成（P<0.05）雌二醇活性 RF。总之，经超声引导下卵泡抽吸后，经常形成具有不同甾体生成模式的充满液体的结构（RF）。这些 RF 的发生和特征取决于抽吸前这些卵泡的直径和状态。
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