Akhtar Nasim
Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Technology (Cotton Bhavan), GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India.
Methods Mol Biol. 2013;11013:161-77. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-074-8_12.
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is well known for edible fruit, environment friendly pharmaceutical and commercial products for both national and international market. The conventional propagation and in vitro organogenesis do not meet the demand for the good quality planting materials. Somatic embryogenesis for efficient micropropagation of guava (P. guajava L.) has been developed to fill up the gap. Somatic embryogenesis and plantlets regeneration are achieved from 10-week post-anthesis zygotic embryo explants by 8-day inductive treatment with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) on MS agar medium containing 5% sucrose. Subsequent development and maturation of somatic embryos occur after 8 days on MS basal medium supplemented with 5% sucrose without plant growth regulator. The process of somatic embryogenesis shows the highest relative efficiency in 8-day treatment of zygotic embryo explants with 1.0 mg L(-1) 2,4-D. High efficiency germination of somatic embryos and plantlet regeneration takes place on half strength semisolid MS medium amended with 3% sucrose within 2 weeks of subculture. Somatic plantlets are grown for additional 2 weeks by subculturing in MS liquid growth medium containing 3% sucrose. Well-grown plantlets from liquid medium have survived very well following 2-4 week hardening process. The protocol of somatic embryogenesis is optimized for high efficiency micropropagation of guava species.
番石榴（Psidium guajava L.）以其可食用的果实以及面向国内外市场的环保型医药和商业产品而闻名。传统的繁殖方式和离体器官发生法无法满足对优质种植材料的需求。为了填补这一空白，已开发出用于番石榴（P. guajava L.）高效微繁殖的体细胞胚胎发生技术。通过在含有5%蔗糖的MS琼脂培养基上用不同浓度的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）对花后10周的合子胚外植体进行8天的诱导处理，实现了体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生。随后，在添加了5%蔗糖但不含植物生长调节剂的MS基本培养基上培养8天后，体细胞胚发生后续的发育和成熟。体细胞胚胎发生过程在使用1.0 mg L(-1) 2,4-D对合子胚外植体进行8天处理时显示出最高的相对效率。在继代培养2周内，体细胞胚在添加了3%蔗糖的半强度半固体MS培养基上高效萌发并再生植株。通过在含有3%蔗糖的MS液体生长培养基中继代培养，体细胞植株再生长2周。经过2 - 4周的硬化处理后，来自液体培养基且生长良好的植株存活率很高。体细胞胚胎发生方案已针对番石榴品种的高效微繁殖进行了优化。
