Testillano Pilar S, Gómez-Garay Aránzazu, Pintos Beatriz, Risueño María C
Pollen Biotechnology of Crop Plants, Biological Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Biology, Department of Plant Biology I, UCM, Madrid, Spain.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1815:247-256. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8594-4_16.
Quercus suber L., cork oak, is a forest tree of high social and economic value. The cork is traditionally used in the wine industry to produce bottle stoppers, but it is also a very good material for both thermal and acoustic insulation in construction. Since its harvest does not harm the tree, the use of cork in the industry has a positive impact on the environment.Somatic embryogenesis is considered a feasible system for in vitro regeneration procedures, with many advantages in woody species. Classical genetic breeding programs have important limitations in forest trees, like cork oak, due to their long life span and difficulties of seed conservation and vegetative reproduction. Therefore, somatic embryogenesis has a great potential for large-scale propagation and cryopreservation of elite genotypes, as well as for transformation strategies. In the case of Q. suber, several in vitro propagation systems through somatic embryogenesis have been reported, with different efficiency rates.In the present chapter, updated information is reported about an efficient protocol for induction of somatic embryogenesis of Q. suber from immature zygotic embryos, as well as methods for proliferation and maturation of somatic embryos, germination, plantlet regeneration, and acclimatization.
栓皮栎（Quercus suber L.），即软木橡树，是一种具有很高社会和经济价值的林木。软木传统上用于葡萄酒行业生产瓶塞，但它也是建筑中用于隔热和隔音的优质材料。由于其采伐不会对树木造成伤害，因此工业上使用软木对环境有积极影响。体细胞胚胎发生被认为是一种可行的体外再生程序系统，在木本植物中有许多优点。经典的遗传育种计划在林木（如栓皮栎）中存在重要局限性，因为它们寿命长，种子保存和营养繁殖困难。因此，体细胞胚胎发生在大规模繁殖和冷冻保存优良基因型以及转化策略方面具有巨大潜力。就栓皮栎而言，已经报道了几种通过体细胞胚胎发生的体外繁殖系统，效率各不相同。在本章中，报告了关于从未成熟合子胚诱导栓皮栎体细胞胚胎发生的高效方案的最新信息，以及体细胞胚胎增殖和成熟、萌发、植株再生和驯化的方法。
