Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, Wales, UK.
Int J Sports Med. 2013 Jun;34(6):520-5. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1327658. Epub 2012 Nov 23.
Cycling can be performed on the road or indoors on stationary ergometers. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in cycling efficiency, muscle activity and pedal forces during cycling on a stationary turbo trainer compared with a treadmill. 19 male cyclists cycled on a stationary turbo trainer and on a treadmill at 150, 200 and 250 W. Cycling efficiency was determined using the Douglas bags, muscle activity patterns were determined using surface electromyography and pedal forces were recorded with instrumented pedals. Treadmill cycling induced a larger muscular contribution from Gastrocnemius Lateralis, Biceps Femoris and Gluteus Maximus of respectively 14%, 19% and 10% compared with turbo trainer cycling (p<0.05). Conversely, Turbo trainer cycling induced larger muscular contribution from Vastus Lateralis, Rectus Femoris and Tibialis Anterior of respectively 7%, 17% and 14% compared with treadmill cycling (p<0.05). The alterations in muscle activity resulted in a better distribution of power during the pedal revolution, as determined by an increased Dead Centre size (p<0.05). Despite the alterations in muscle activity and pedalling technique, no difference in efficiency between treadmill (18.8±0.7%) and turbo trainer (18.5±0.6%) cycling was observed. These results suggest that cycling technique and type of ergometer can be altered without affecting cycling efficiency.
自行车运动可以在道路上或室内的固定测功仪上进行。本研究旨在探讨在固定的室内测功机上和跑步机上骑行时，骑行效率、肌肉活动和踏力的差异。19 名男性自行车运动员在固定的室内测功机和跑步机上以 150、200 和 250 W 的功率进行骑行。使用道格拉斯袋测量骑行效率，使用表面肌电图测量肌肉活动模式，使用仪器化踏板记录踏力。与室内测功机骑行相比，跑步机骑行使比目鱼肌、股二头肌和臀大肌的肌肉贡献分别增加了 14%、19%和 10%（p<0.05）。相反，与跑步机骑行相比，室内测功机骑行使股外侧肌、股直肌和胫骨前肌的肌肉贡献分别增加了 7%、17%和 14%（p<0.05）。肌肉活动的改变导致踏力周期中功率的更好分布，表现为死区大小的增加（p<0.05）。尽管肌肉活动和踏蹬技术发生了变化，但在跑步机（18.8±0.7%）和室内测功机（18.5±0.6%）骑行之间没有观察到效率的差异。这些结果表明，在不影响骑行效率的情况下，可以改变骑行技术和测功机类型。
