School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Dec 18;46(24):13112-7. doi: 10.1021/es3033814. Epub 2012 Nov 26.
The 2,4,6-tribromophenoxy moiety is a common structural feature of several brominated flame retardants, and we have previously reported on the environmental concentrations of one such compound, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (TBE). Here we report the atmospheric concentrations of TBE and three other tribromophenoxy compounds: allyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (ATE), 2-bromoallyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (BATE), and 2,3-dibromopropyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE). The samples were collected at five sites near the shores of the Great Lakes during the period 2008-2009, inclusive. Of these four compounds, TBE and ATE are currently used as flame retardants, and DPTE was formerly used as a flame retardant until its production ceased in the mid-1980s. The total concentrations of ATE, BATE, and DPTE were ∼2 pg/m³ in the cities of Chicago and Cleveland and 0.1-0.4 pg/m³ at the rural and remote sites. The concentrations of TBE were ∼1 pg/m³ in these cities and 0.2-0.8 pg/m³ at the rural and remote sites. In both cases, this was a very significant urban effect. The concentrations of ATE, BATE, and DPTE did not change significantly over the two-year study, but the concentrations of TBE decreased by about a factor of 2 during this time. This temporal change was statistically significant but not strong compared to the urban effect.
2,4,6-三溴苯氧基部分是几种溴系阻燃剂的常见结构特征，我们之前曾报道过其中一种化合物 1,2-双（2,4,6-三溴苯氧基）乙烷（TBE）的环境浓度。在这里，我们报告了 TBE 以及其他三种三溴苯氧基化合物的大气浓度：烯丙基 2,4,6-三溴苯氧基醚（ATE）、2-溴烯丙基 2,4,6-三溴苯氧基醚（BATE）和 2,3-二溴丙基 2,4,6-三溴苯氧基醚（DPTE）。这些样品是在 2008 年至 2009 年期间在五大湖沿岸的五个地点收集的。在这四种化合物中，TBE 和 ATE 目前被用作阻燃剂，而 DPTE 曾被用作阻燃剂，直到 20 世纪 80 年代中期停产。ATE、BATE 和 DPTE 的总浓度在芝加哥和克利夫兰这两个城市约为 2 pg/m³，在农村和偏远地区为 0.1-0.4 pg/m³。在这些城市，TBE 的浓度约为 1 pg/m³，在农村和偏远地区为 0.2-0.8 pg/m³。在这两种情况下，这都是非常显著的城市效应。在两年的研究中，ATE、BATE 和 DPTE 的浓度没有明显变化，但 TBE 的浓度在此期间下降了约 2 倍。与城市效应相比，这种时间变化虽然具有统计学意义，但并不强烈。
