Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
Parasit Vectors. 2012 Nov 26;5:272. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-272.
Since the World Health Assembly's (Resolution WHA 50.29, 1997) call for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis by the year 2020, most of the endemic countries identified have established programmes to meet this objective. In 1997, a National Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination Plan was drawn up by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, creating local programs for the elimination of Bancroftian filariasis in areas with active transmission. Based on a comprehensive bibliographic search for available studies and reports of filariasis epidemiology in Brazil, current status of this parasitic infection and the outlook for its elimination in the country were analysed. From 1951 to 1958 a nationwide epidemiological study conducted in Brazil confirmed autochthonous transmission of Bancroftian filariasis in 11 cities of the country. Control measures led to a decline in parasite rates, and in the 1980s only the cities of Belém in the Amazonian region (Northern region) and Recife (Northeastern region) were considered to be endemic. In the 1990s, foci of active transmission of LF were also described in the cities of Maceió, Olinda, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, and Paulista, all in the Northeastern coast of Brazil. Data provide evidence for the absence of microfilaremic subjects and infected mosquitoes in Belém, Salvador and Maceió in the past few years, attesting to the effectiveness of the measures adopted in these cities. Currently, lymphatic filariasis is a public health problem in Brazil only in four cities of the metropolitan Recife region (Northeastern coast). Efforts are being concentrated in these areas, with a view to eliminating the disease in the country.
自世界卫生大会（1997 年 WHA50.29 号决议）呼吁到 2020 年消除淋巴丝虫病以来，大多数确定的流行国家都制定了实现这一目标的方案。1997 年，巴西卫生部制定了《国家淋巴丝虫病消除计划》，在有传播活动的地区为消除班氏丝虫病制定了地方方案。根据对巴西流行丝虫病的现有研究和报告进行的全面文献检索，分析了这种寄生虫感染的现状和该国消除这种感染的前景。从 1951 年到 1958 年，巴西进行的一项全国性流行病学研究证实了班氏丝虫病在该国 11 个城市的本土传播。控制措施导致寄生虫率下降，到 20 世纪 80 年代，只有亚马逊地区（北部地区）的贝伦市和累西腓（东北部地区）被认为是流行地区。20 世纪 90 年代，还在巴西东北部沿海的马塞约、奥林达、若昂佩索阿和保利斯塔等城市描述了 LF 的活跃传播焦点。数据表明，在过去几年中，贝伦、萨尔瓦多和马塞约没有微丝蚴血症患者和感染的蚊子，证明了这些城市采取的措施是有效的。目前，巴西只有四个累西腓大都市地区（东北部沿海）的城市存在淋巴丝虫病公共卫生问题。正在这些地区集中努力，以期在该国消除这种疾病。
