Adámkova Vera, Hubacek Jaroslav A, Hubalkova Martina, Lanska Vera
Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2012;33 Suppl 2:3-5.
Approximately 30% of the adult Czech population smokes. Previous studies of smokers have documented diet sufficient in energy, but inadequate intake of dietary fibre, vitamins A, E, calcium and proteins.
Nutrition was assessed between the groups of the probands (over 18 years aged, 667 smokers, 1044 nonsmokers, 428 past smokers) from 1% random sample of the Czech population. All volunteers completed a one day dietary recall after instruction from a nutrition expert. The dietary recall calculated energy, proteins, fats, vitamins C and E, cholesterol, fibre, calcium and iron intake using the Nutridan programme.
Smokers had higher consumption of animal (p=0.0034), and total fat (p=0.0315), cholesterol (p=0.005), and lower intake of vitamin E (p=0.004) than nonsmokers. No other differences were found. The differences between past smokers and other groups were insignificant.
The smokers consumed more total and animal fat, cholesterol and less of vitamin E than nonsmokers.
约30%的成年捷克人口吸烟。先前针对吸烟者的研究表明，他们的饮食能量充足，但膳食纤维、维生素A、E、钙和蛋白质的摄入量不足。
从捷克人口1%的随机样本中选取先证者组（年龄超过18岁，667名吸烟者、1044名非吸烟者、428名既往吸烟者）进行营养评估。所有志愿者在营养专家指导后完成了一天的饮食回顾。饮食回顾使用Nutridan程序计算能量、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素C和E、胆固醇、纤维、钙和铁的摄入量。
吸烟者比非吸烟者摄入更多的动物性脂肪（p = 0.0034）、总脂肪（p = 0.0315）、胆固醇（p = 0.005），而维生素E摄入量较低（p = 0.004）。未发现其他差异。既往吸烟者与其他组之间的差异不显著。
吸烟者比非吸烟者摄入更多的总脂肪和动物性脂肪、胆固醇，而维生素E摄入量更少。
