Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013 Jul;15(7):581-92. doi: 10.1111/dom.12046. Epub 2013 Jan 21.
In type 1 diabetes (T1D) the immune system attacks insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Unfortunately, our ability to curb this pathogenic autoimmune response in a disease- and organ-specific manner is still very limited due to the inchoate understanding of the exact nature and the kinetics of the immunological pathomechanisms that lead to T1D. None of the clinical immune interventions thus far, which focused primarily on new-onset disease, were successful in producing lasting remission or curbing recurrent autoimmunity. However, these studies do provide us access to a tremendous amount of clinical data and specimens, which will aid us in revising our therapeutical approaches and defining the highly needed paradigm shift in T1D immunotherapy. Analysing the foundation and the results of the most current T1D immunotherapeutic trials, this article gives an outlook for future directions of the field.
在 1 型糖尿病（T1D）中，免疫系统攻击产生胰岛素的胰腺β细胞。不幸的是，由于对导致 T1D 的免疫病理机制的确切性质和动力学的认识还不成熟，我们仍然非常有限地能够以疾病和器官特异性的方式抑制这种致病性自身免疫反应。迄今为止，所有主要针对新发疾病的临床免疫干预措施都未能成功产生持久缓解或抑制复发性自身免疫。然而，这些研究确实为我们提供了大量的临床数据和样本，这将有助于我们修改治疗方法，并定义 T1D 免疫治疗中急需的范式转变。本文分析了当前最先进的 T1D 免疫治疗试验的基础和结果，为该领域的未来方向提供了展望。
