United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Int J Parasitol. 2013 Feb;43(2):107-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.09.012. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most common parasitic infections of humans and other warmblooded animals. It has been found worldwide and nearly one-third of humans have been exposed to the parasite. Congenital infection occurs when a woman becomes infected during pregnancy and transmits the parasite to the foetus. Besides congenital infection, humans become infected by ingesting food or water contaminated with sporulated oocysts from infected cat faeces or through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked or uncooked meat. Food animals (pigs, chickens, lambs and goats) become infected by the same routes, resulting in meat products containing tissue cysts, which can then infect consumers. Toxoplasma infection is common in food animals in the United States. Implementation of management factors such as biosecure confinement housing are important in reducing the levels of infection in animals destined for human consumption.
弓形体病是由刚地弓形虫引起的，是人类和其他温血动物中最常见的寄生虫感染之一。它已在全球范围内发现，几乎三分之一的人类已接触过该寄生虫。先天性感染发生在女性在怀孕期间感染并将寄生虫传染给胎儿时。除先天性感染外，人类还通过摄入受感染猫粪便中的孢子化卵囊污染的食物或水，或通过摄入未煮熟或未煮熟的肉中的组织包囊而感染。食用动物（猪，鸡，羔羊和山羊）通过相同的途径感染，导致含有组织包囊的肉产品，然后可以感染消费者。在美国，食源性动物中弓形体病很常见。实施生物安全隔离饲养等管理因素对于降低供人类食用的动物的感染水平非常重要。
