Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road , Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA.
Sci Rep. 2012;2:871. doi: 10.1038/srep00871. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
Watersipora is an invasive genus of bryozoans, easily dispersed by fouled vessels. We examined Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I haplotypes from introduced populations on the US Pacific coastline to investigate geographic segregation of species and/or haplotypes. In California, the W. subtorquata group fell into three major sub-groups: W. subtorquata clades A and B, and W. "new sp.". W. subtorquata clades A and B were common in southern California south of Point Conception, a recognized biogeographic boundary, whereas further north, W. subtorquata clade A and W. n. sp. were frequent. The southern California region also had colonies of a morphologically distinct species, W. arcuata, also found in southern Australia and Hawaii; COI variation indicates a common ancestral source(s) in these introductions. The distribution of Watersipora-complex lineages on different coastlines is shown to be temperature correlated. Accordingly, pre-exisitng temperature-based adaptations may play a key role in determining invasion patterns.
水螅虫是一种易随污染船只扩散的入侵性苔藓动物门生物。我们检测了美太平洋沿岸入侵种群的细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 I 单倍型，以调查物种和/或单倍型的地理隔离情况。在加利福尼亚，扭口水螅虫群落入三个主要亚群：扭口水螅虫 A 、 B 聚类和 W. “新种”。扭口水螅虫 A 、 B 聚类在 Point Conception 以南的南加利福尼亚很常见，而在更北的地方，扭口水螅虫 A 聚类和 W. “新种”更为常见。南加利福尼亚地区还有形态独特的水螅虫属物种的殖民地，也在澳大利亚南部和夏威夷发现； COI 变异表明这些引入物种具有共同的祖先来源。水螅虫复合体谱系在不同海岸线上的分布与温度相关。因此，基于温度的预先适应可能在确定入侵模式方面发挥关键作用。
