Khan Sonia, Al Baradie Raidah
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia.
Epilepsy Res Treat. 2012;2012:403592. doi: 10.1155/2012/403592. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
Epileptic encephalopathies are an epileptic condition characterized by epileptiform abnormalities associated with progressive cerebral dysfunction. In the classification of the International League Against Epilepsy eight age-related epileptic encephalopathy syndromes are recognized. These syndromes include early myoclonic encephalopathy and Ohtahara syndrome in the neonatal period, West syndrome and Dravet syndrome in infancy, myoclonic status in nonprogressive encephalopathies, and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, and epilepsy with continuous spike waves during slow wave sleep in childhood and adolescences. Other epileptic syndromes such as migrating partial seizures in infancy and severe epilepsy with multiple independent spike foci may be reasonably added. In this paper, we provide an overview of epileptic encephalopathies including clinical neurophysiological features, cognitive deterioration, and management options especially that these conditions are generally refractory to standard antiepileptic drugs.
癫痫性脑病是一种癫痫病症，其特征为与进行性脑功能障碍相关的癫痫样异常。在国际抗癫痫联盟的分类中，确认了八种与年龄相关的癫痫性脑病综合征。这些综合征包括新生儿期的早期肌阵挛性脑病和大田原综合征、婴儿期的韦斯特综合征和德雷维特综合征、非进行性脑病中的肌阵挛持续状态，以及儿童期和青少年期的伦诺克斯 - 加斯东综合征、兰道 - 克莱夫纳综合征和慢波睡眠期持续棘慢波癫痫。其他癫痫综合征，如婴儿期游走性局灶性发作和具有多个独立棘波灶的严重癫痫，也可合理纳入。在本文中，我们概述了癫痫性脑病，包括临床神经生理学特征、认知功能恶化以及治疗选择，尤其是这些病症通常对标准抗癫痫药物难治。
