Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2013;4:35-56. doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-032112-135808. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
Numerous studies have found an association between the consumption of certain bioactive lipids and improved human health, e.g., the prevention, delay, or treatment of chronic and acute diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), osteoporosis, and immune disorders. In this review, we discuss food-based sources and potential beneficial attributes of major dietary bioactive lipids: polyunsaturated fatty acids; carotenoids; phytosterols and phytostanols; and fat-soluble vitamins. We summarize the various challenges associated with incorporating these bioactive lipids into foods and beverages, such as poor water solubility, high melting point, and low chemical stability. Finally, we propose several techniques that have been used to solve the challenges and integrate dietary bioactive lipids into foods for improved health.
许多研究发现，某些生物活性脂质的消耗与人类健康的改善之间存在关联，例如预防、延缓或治疗癌症、心血管疾病（CVD）、骨质疏松症和免疫紊乱等慢性和急性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了主要膳食生物活性脂质的基于食物的来源和潜在有益特性：多不饱和脂肪酸；类胡萝卜素；植物固醇和植物甾烷醇；以及脂溶性维生素。我们总结了将这些生物活性脂质纳入食品和饮料中所面临的各种挑战，例如水溶性差、熔点高和化学稳定性低。最后，我们提出了几种已用于解决挑战并将膳食生物活性脂质整合到食品中以改善健康的技术。
