Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo Universality, Egypt.
J Pediatr Urol. 2013 Dec;9(6 Pt A):815-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2012.10.024. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
Cryptorchidism is one of the most common genital malformations in newborn males, but its etiology remains largely unknown. The observation of geographical variability in the prevalence of cryptorchidism suggests a role for environmental factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this condition among Egyptian neonates.
The initial study population comprised 1000 neonates recruited from El Galaa maternity teaching hospital. To determine the risk factors for cryptorchidism in Egypt, 40 healthy full term infants were selected randomly during the same time period as a control group.
Twenty-nine cases of cryptorchidism per 1000 newborn males were detected, i.e. a frequency of 2.9%; 10 (34.5%) had bilateral cryptorchidism while 19 (65.5%) had a unilateral lesion. Other congenital anomalies were detected in 5 (17.2%) of the cryptorchid newborns. Five factors were significantly associated with higher risk of cryptorchidism: gestational age of 37 weeks or less, birth weight equal to or less than 2.75 kg, cesarean delivery, steroid therapy and twin pregnancy. Using logistic regression, birth weight ≤ 2.75 kg was the only independent factor predicting cryptorchidism, with an odds ratio of 10.3 and 95% confidence interval of 2.9-36.4.
These results highlight low birth weight as the cardinal risk factor for cryptorchidism. A larger scale multi-centric study is needed to clearly identify all the risk factors for cryptorchidism in Egyptian neonates.
本研究旨在确定埃及新生儿隐睾症的患病率。
初始研究人群包括从加拉婴儿教学医院招募的 1000 名新生儿。为了确定埃及隐睾症的危险因素，在同一时期随机选择 40 名健康足月婴儿作为对照组。
1000 名男新生儿中发现 29 例隐睾症，即频率为 2.9%；10 例（34.5%）为双侧隐睾，19 例（65.5%）为单侧病变。5 例（17.2%）隐睾新生儿还存在其他先天性异常。5 个因素与隐睾症风险增加显著相关：胎龄 37 周或以下、出生体重等于或小于 2.75kg、剖宫产、类固醇治疗和双胞胎妊娠。使用逻辑回归，出生体重≤2.75kg 是预测隐睾症的唯一独立因素，优势比为 10.3，95%置信区间为 2.9-36.4。
这些结果强调了低出生体重是隐睾症的主要危险因素。需要进行更大规模的多中心研究，以明确确定埃及新生儿隐睾症的所有危险因素。
